| 摘要: | 本論文旨在研究利用雙螺桿押出機擠壓法製備聚乳酸(PLA)/聚己二酸/對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)摻合物，探討此摻合物之加工製程與性質。實驗使用三乙酸甘油酯(GTA)對摻合物進行相容性改善，並檢測其物理性質、熱性質、機械性質及動態機械性質。本實驗使用聚乳酸(PLA)添加聚己二酸/對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)依重量百分比(90:10、80:20、70:30、60:40)製備高分子摻合物。並選取重量百分比70:30之配比添加不同含量(1phr、2phr、3phr)之三乙酸甘油酯(GTA)。
探討不同比例克數的PBAT和不同百分比之GTA對摻合物的形態學(FT-IR、SEM、Raman、XRD)、物理性質(密度、空孔率)、機械性質(硬度、耐磨耗指數、抗折強度、抗張強度及耐衝擊強度)、熱性質(DSC、TGA、TMA、MI及HDT)、動態機械性質(DMA)之性能和影響的差異程度。
實驗結果得知，經由XRD、FT-IR及Raman測試，發現摻合物隨著PBAT含量的增加，其特徵峰會更加明顯，可以證明PBAT的存在。結構與形態學在SEM圖得知隨著PBAT含量的增加使表面結構從原來光滑平整變為波浪狀的表面；物理性質的測試，由於PLA和PBAT的密度相近，因此摻合物的密度無明顯變化；在機械性質測試結果，PBAT含量增加，其抗張強度與模數皆呈現下降趨勢，其中以重量百分比(70:30)硬度隨著PBAT含量增加逐漸下降，而耐磨耗則會上升。耐衝擊的測試中，隨著PBAT含量增加，其強度皆有上升趨勢，其中以重量百分比(70:30)最佳；在熱性質，耐熱性提高效果更加顯著。
以上結果顯示聚乳酸/聚己二酸/對苯二甲酸丁二酯摻合物的耐熱性質、衝擊強度、延伸率、耐磨耗都有獲得改善。而摻合物添加GTA有助於改善材料的延伸率。
The purpose of this thesis is to study the preparation of polylactic acid (PLA)/polyadipate/butylene terephthalate (PBAT) blend by twin-screw extruder extrusion method, and to explore the processing and properties of the blend. The blend was modified with triacetin (GTA) to test its physical properties, thermal properties, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties. This experiment used polylactic acid (PLA) to add polyadipate/butylene terephthalate (PBAT) to prepare polymer blends by weight percentage (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40). Different ratios (1phr, 2phr, 3phr) of triacetin (GTA) were added in a weight percent of 70:30.
Morphology (FT-IR, SEM, Raman, XRD), physical properties (density, porosity), mechanical properties (hardness, wear resistance index) of different ratios of PBAT and different percentages of GTA to blends were investigated, flexural strength, tensile strength and impact strength), thermal properties (DSC, TGA, TMA, MI and HDT), dynamic mechanical properties (DMA), and the degree of difference in performance.
The experimental results show that the XRD, FT-IR and Raman tests show that the characteristic peak of the blend increases with the increase of PBAT content, which can prove the existence of PBAT. Structure and Morphology In the SEM image, the surface structure changed from smooth to wavy surface with the increase of PBAT content. Physical properties were tested. Because the density of PLA and PBAT were similar, the density of the blend was not obvious. Changes; in the mechanical properties test results, the PBAT content increased, and its tensile strength and modulus showed a downward trend, in which the weight percentage (70:30) hardness decreased with the increase of PBAT content, and the wear resistance increased. In the impact resistance test, as the PBAT content increases, the strength increase, among which the weight percentage (70:30) is the best; in the thermal properties, the heat resistance improvement effect is more remarkable.
The above results show that the polylactic acid/polyadipate/butylene terephthalate blend has improved heat resistance properties, impact strength, elongation, and abrasion resistance. The addition of GTA to the blend helps to improve the elongation of the material. |
