| 摘要: | 本研究中使用超臨界二氧化碳從椰子粉中進行精油的萃取，利用改變壓力、溫度與流率對精油產率的影響，在實驗的規劃上使用中央合成設計，每組實驗的條件因子都具有五種水準，在實驗過程中，實驗設計的壓力條件為2496 psi、2700 psi、3000 psi、3300 psi、3504 psi，溫度條件為39.96℃、42℃、45 ℃、48℃、50.04 ℃，流率條件為46.3 L/hr、60 L/hr、80 L/hr、100 L/hr、113.6 L/hr。因本實驗為3因子之中央合成設計，所以有8個角點，6個軸點以及重複6個中央點實驗。在實驗結束後，對實驗結果進行SPSS軟體進行二階迴歸分析，並且使用Matlab軟體畫出反應曲面圖，來探討所得各項因子與因子間的交互作用顯著性，以及分析最佳的萃取條件。實際實驗的最佳化條件為壓力3504 psi、溫度45℃、流率80 L/hr時，產率為48.87 ％。預估最佳產率則是在條件為壓力3504 psi、溫度41.4℃、流率113.6 L/hr，產率為49.42 ％。之後對比使用索氏萃取法進行椰子精油的粗脂肪率萃取，與超臨界萃取法所得的椰子精油產率，對比出哪種萃取方式更符合經濟效益。並使用傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀進行分析兩者所得產物中脂肪酸是否一樣。
In this study, supercritical carbon dioxide was used to extract essential oils from coconut, and the effects of pressure, temperature and flow rate on the yield of essential oils were investigated. In this experiment, central synthesis design was used. The condition factors of each experiment were of five levels. During the experiment, the experimental design pressure conditions were 2496 psi, 2700 psi, 3000 psi, 3300 psi, and 3504 psi, the temperature conditions were 39.96°C, 42°C, 45°C, 48°C, and 50.04°C, and the flow rate condition were 46.3 L/hr, 60 L/hr, 80 L/hr, 100 L/hr, 113.6 L/hr. This experiment was a factor of three. Due to the central composite design, there are 8 corner points, 6 axial points and 6 repetitions of the central point experiment. At the end of the experiment, a second-order regression analysis. The Matlab software is used to draw the reaction surface map to explore the significance of the interaction between the various factors and factors, and to analyze the optimal extraction conditions. The optimum conditions for the actual experiment were a pressure of 3504 psi, a temperature of 45 ° C, and a flow rate of 80 L/hr, and the yield was 48.87%. The optimum yield was estimated at a pressure of 3504 psi, a temperature of 41.4 ° C, a flow rate of 113.6 L/hr, and a yield of 49.42%. Then, using the Soxhlet extraction method to extract the crude fat rate of coconut oil, and the yield of coconut oil obtained by supercritical extraction method, it is more economical to compare which extraction method. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used to analyze whether the fatty acids in the obtained products were the same. |
