臺灣紀念郵票與時代意涵之研究—以兩蔣時期為中心（1945-1988）

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題名:	臺灣紀念郵票與時代意涵之研究—以兩蔣時期為中心（1945-1988） A Study of Taiwan's Commemorative Stamps and the Implications of the Times -Centered on the Leadership Period of Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo (1945-1988)
作者:	楊紫瑩
貢獻者:	史學系
關鍵詞:	紀念郵票歷史記憶文化復興國族教育 Commemorative Stamps Historical Memory Cultural Renaissance National identity education
日期:	2019
上傳時間:	2019-08-15 10:48:55 (UTC+8)
摘要:	近代新式郵政制度的出現，免除古代郵驛制度的各種弊端。同時，應運而生的郵票，是經過政府單位選定主題印製而成，是一種公開發行的有價票券，透過郵政系統的傳遞，流通於世界各地。故郵票在圖像與數字或文字的結合之下，蘊含著象徵意義。郵票與發行國的國家形象、局勢環境、政治決策、文化背景息息相關，其中尤以「紀念郵票」具有特定的發行目的，是以紀念某一事件而特別發行的郵票。其目的在對內宣達政令，對外表明國家的立場與特色。因此，郵票成為另類的記錄國家歷程與軌跡的重要史料。本文以戰後兩蔣主政時期所發行之紀念郵票所乘載的時代意涵為探討對象，藉由歷年發行紀念郵票上的設計風格的變化，觀察當代的社會文化變遷。在蔣中正時期以建設臺灣、光復大陸、穩定發展，厚植國力為主。此時期各類型的紀念郵票主題，以反共復國為導向的國族教育為主。在蔣經國時期，臺灣經濟穩定發展，政府帶動國家的民主改革，奠定三民主義之民主憲政基礎。其次，在幾番嚴重的外交事件與能源危機的衝擊下，影響著國家的政經環境；而此時期國民體育的振興，經濟上的蓬勃發展，莊敬自強的凝聚意識，皆躍於當代郵票圖像上。透過郵票與其他媒介的宣傳，潛移默化中，建立了社會忠孝節義的核心價值。當代國族教育成功，也為外交風暴與兩岸軍事對峙的特殊時期，帶來社會人心的安定力量。再者，在郵票票面上加蓋的改值痕跡，紀錄了大環境的劇烈變動；郵票票值的變化，反映當代的經濟現象。郵票紙質色澤的演進，呈現製作技術的進步。由於票面圖像主題受到政治外交、社會經濟與文化環境的影響，反映了當代的背景特色，瀏覽其中，重現歷史記憶。從本研究可以了解到郵票的發行時機與其呈現的圖像，是深具意義的。中華民國從1912年成立至今，外在環境影響著它的政治、社會、經濟、文化等層面，從中我們可以觀察到執政者在面對這些不可控的因素下，做出因應決策與執行，在歷史的進程裡，有時順勢而為、盡如人意，有時大勢已去、難以挽回，無論順逆之境，皆在考驗、淬煉、造就這個國家的生命能量。 Since the early modern period, the emergence of the modern western postal service system was to solve the various drawbacks of ancient postal. Accordingly, stamps, the subjects of which were selected by a government, had been issued to be securities circulating all over the world through the postal system. Therefore, stamps were endowed with different symbolic implications when combined with images, numbers, or language words. The issuing of stamps were directly related to the national images, surroundings, political decision-makings, and cultural backgrounds of their issuer countries. “Commemorative stamps,” in particular, were specifically issued to commemorate certain historical events. Domestically, they may publicize governmental orders; internationally, they may express a country’s position and national characters. Therefore, stamps become an alternative national history record and tracks. This dissertation aims to explore the implications of the times presented in the commemorative stamps issued during the post-war presidencies of Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo. It then proceeds to observe contemporary social culture of commemorative stamps of various years through their designing styles and changes. Over the Chiang Kai-shek years, the government had been focused on the construction of Taiwan, restoration of Mainland China, stable development, and amassing of national power. So the various styles of commemorative stamps at this time were chiefly for national identity education, restoring leadership in mainland China. During the period of Chiang Ching-kuo, Taiwan’s economy steadily boomed and the government initiated democratic reformations, laying the ground for constitutional democracy based on the Three People’s Principles. Although Taiwanese politico-economic environment was influenced by several diplomatic incidents and energy crises, it strove to raise itself up in international sports, economic booming, and self-strengthening consciousness. All this was presented in contemporary stamp images. Through the propaganda of stamps and other medium, the social core values of loyalty, filial pity, chastity, righteousness, had become deep-seated in Taiwan. And the success of contemporary national identity education safeguarded the society in a period of diplomatic storms and the cross-strait military confrontation. The marks of added values on stamps witnessed the changes of big environment. The rise of stamp values reflected contemporary economic phenomenon. The development of stamp’s paper quality and color represented the progress of technology. Under the impact of politico-diplomatic, socio-economic and cultural environment, the subjects of stamp images also reflected the features of contemporary background. The reviewing of all this can represent a historical memory. Through this research, we come to conclude that the date of issue and images of stamps have profound implications. The Republic of China was proclaimed in 1912. Up to present, its political, social, economic, cultural aspects have been influenced by diplomatic surroundings. Under these uncontrollable factors, the leaders of the country have made responding decisions and excused them. In the course of history, some policies were done by taking advantage of the situation just as one wished; some policies were pursued against a phase, harsh and unsalvageable. Be it an advantageous or adverse situation, it is the trial, sharpening, enhancing of the country’s life energy.
顯示於類別:	[史學系暨研究所] 博碩士論文

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