| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討不同背景變項的大學生在正向心理特質、華人人格與生涯適應力之現況、變項間的差異與相關情形，並進一步瞭解其對生涯適應力的預測力。
本研究採用問卷調查法，針對台北市與新北市的一般大學(含師範)大學生進行施測，台北市與新北地區公、私立大學學校間數比為3:4，因此從中隨機選取3所公立大學以及4所私立大學，共計7所大學，共回收622份有效問卷。使用的工具為「華人七大基本性格量表」、「大學生心理資源量表」以及「生涯調適量表臺灣版2.0」，將所得資料以描述性統計、t檢定、Pearson積差相關、單因子變異數分析以及多元迴歸等方法進行統計分析。本研究結果如下：
一、 有超過6成的大學生有打工經驗，其中以餐飲旅遊的工作類型經驗最多。
二、 大學生在華人人格的表現以「誠信淡泊：狡詐殘酷」得分最高，且各分量表在六點量表的平均值皆在3.4以上，顯示多數大學生在華人人格向度表現上皆較偏向雙極性格中的正向描述。
三、 大學生在正向心理資源與生涯適應力之表現皆落在中等至良好的程度。
四、 大學生整體華人人格在性別、年級、工作經驗與工作類型等背景變項之差異統計上獲得顯著意義。
五、 大學生整體正向心理資源在年級、工作經驗與工作類型等背景變項之差異統計上獲得顯著意義。但在性別上並未獲得顯著差異。
六、 大學生整體生涯適應力在工作經驗與工作類型等背景變項之差異統計上獲得顯著意義。但在性別與年級上並未獲得顯著差異。
七、 大學生的華人人格、正向心理資源與生涯適應力間有顯著正相關
八、 大學生在華人人格、正向心理資源的表現對生涯適應力有顯著預測力，其中以正向心理資源的「主控感」對生涯適應力的預測力最高。華人人格中則以「精明幹練：迷糊懦弱」對生涯適應力的預測力最高。
最後，根據上述研究結果進行討論，並提出對大學生在生涯適應力、生涯相關諮詢與諮商之建議，供助人實務工作者及後續研究作參考。
The purpose of the study was to explore the present status and differences in positive psychological resource, Chinese personality and career adaptability of university students under different demographic backgrounds. In addition, the study aimed to understand the relationship among these three variables and their predictive power for career adaptability.
The study adopted survey design to measure the students of general universities (including Normal University) in Taipei City and New Taipei City. The ratio between public and private universities in Taipei and New Taipei is 3:4, so 3 public and 4 private universities are randomly selected, a total of 7 universities, 622 valid questionnaires were collected(male=236；Females=386). The research instruments in this study included Chinese Seven Basic Personality Scale, Psychological Resources Scale for university students and Career Adapt-Ability Scale Taiwan Version 2.0. The data obtained are analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that:
1. more than 60% of university students had working experience, the most common one is food and beverage/tourism industry.
2. In the university students’ Chinese personality, "integrity and not materialistic: cunning and cruel" got the highest score. The average of each subscale was above 3.4 under the six-point scale, indicating that most university students were more biased to positive description in Chinese personality.
3. the university students had medium to good condition of the average of the positive psychological resources and career adaptability.
4. There were significant differences in university students’ positive psychological resources under different grades, work experiences and job types.
5. There were significant differences in university students’ Chinese personality under different genders, grades, work experiences and job types except genders.
6. There were significant differences in university students’ career adaptability under different work experiences and job types except genders and grades.
7. There were significant positive correlation between Chinese personality and positive psychological resources, Chinese personality and career adaptability, positive psychological and career adaptability.
8. Background variable, chinese personality, positive psychological resources of university students lead to the predication of career adaptability. Among them, "self-control" of positive psychological resources had the highest predictive power for career adaptability. And in Chinese personality, "skillful and capable: careless and weak." had the highest predictive power for career adaptability.
And lastly, based on the above research results, discussed and provided some recommendations for Practical worker and further research. |
