| 摘要: | 臺灣整體社會變遷中，早期多以農耕為主的大家庭式經濟，日常的經濟多以供養共同生活的家庭成員為主要模式，當家族成員在年紀增長逐漸喪失勞動力後也無須擔憂老年生活的經濟。但伴隨「工業化」與「都市化」使原有模式轉變為「小家庭」模式，年長的勞動者與青壯年的勞動者多分居為主；此外「長工時」與「少子化」等現代工商社會現象也造成了青壯年勞動者無暇照顧退休者的日常生活起居、甚至是經濟所需。因此屆退年長勞動者亦開始注意此社會環境轉變，一方面不想給予後代子孫額外負擔，另一方面則期望自己的退休生活能夠自給自足，「養兒防老」思維逐漸式微，退休後「養老」將變得更為重要。本研究以探討目前臺灣勞工退休金制度在施行上是否足以因應社會變遷的要求且面對退休勞動者「二度就業」的情境下，政府如何保障高齡退休者「退休品質」與青壯年勞動者「工作機會」。
本研究以文件分析法與問卷調查法作為研究的方法，對於勞動者中北中南印刷業作為研究對象。從結果中發現；印刷業填答者對於個人目前的生活水平多數不甚滿意且對於退休生活感到擔憂；而在政府對勞動者退休責任上也感到不滿意且認為退休保障理應當是政府責任；對於未來後輩子孫生活所面臨的經濟困境亦感到擔憂。
Taiwan’s society has transformed in the course of its economic growth. In the early stages of its development, Taiwan was an agricultural economy centered on an extended family. The everyday economy of these extended families focused on supporting family members under one roof and providing a comfortable environment for elderly family members when they could no longer support themselves. This original extended family model has transformed to a nuclear family model following industrialization and urbanization. Nuclear families mean that elderly family members and younger family members live separately. As a result of social phenomenon such as long working hours and a declining birth rate, young people in modern society often struggle to support the daily living and economic needs of elderly family members. This change in society is something that elderly generations begin to be aware of. They do not wish to place additional burden on their offspring, and hope to have a self-sufficient life after retirement. As the traditional concept of raising children to take care of the parents in their older ages is fading away, ensuring economic support after retirement becomes crucial. This study discusses whether the current labor pension plan in Taiwan is adequate for meeting the social changes facing the nation. Moreover, with the increasing number of retired individuals returning to work, the study examines how Taiwan’s government can protect the retirement quality of elderly retirees; in addition, the job opportunities available for younger generations are discussed.
This study employed documentary research and a questionnaire survey. The subjects of the study were workers in the printing industry in northern, central, and southern Taiwan. The results suggest that respondents are anxious about retirement, with low levels of satisfaction with their quality of life. They expressed dissatisfaction with the government’s handling of retirement issues, with a firm belief that retirement is one of the government’s responsibilities. Respondents also expressed anxiety about their children’s futures. |
