| 摘要: | 在朝鮮半島數千年的歷史中，漢文小說幾乎主導了整個古代文學的發展，諸如新羅詩歌、高麗民謠、朝鮮朝歌辭等本民族文學，皆因受其抑制而長期停滯難前。朝鮮王朝是漢文小說正式成形、發展成熟的重要時期，在中國文學作品影響下，朝鮮朝之漢文小說一直處於不斷探索、前進的狀態中，而與中國古典小說相較，無論在情節結構表現，還是思想內涵等方面都非常相似，同時卻又具有民族文化的深刻烙印。這些蘊含濃厚朝鮮歷史文化特性的漢文小說，不僅是中國與朝鮮王朝和諧相處、交流的結晶，亦是韓國文學作品中極其珍貴的文學資產。
朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說，真實地描述了當時的政治狀況、人民生活與文化思想，是直視社會問題與現實人生的作品，具有很強的針對性。雖然植根於「關乎世道人心」之功利觀念和「勸懲教化」之倫理思想的漢文小說，通常以「文以載道」為目標，以「輔教」為目的，卻也揭露了社會的矛盾衝突與政治的腐朽黑暗；尤其是戰亂之後，作者們更是習慣透過虛實結合的小說創作，抒發自身對社會人生的思考及感受。他們將小說與社會動盪、外來侵略等時代特徵相結合，藉此展現出朝鮮民族反抗殘暴專橫、嚮往自由和平，以及忠君愛國、救亡圖存的強烈情緒和精神意志。而朝鮮王朝中後期興起的長篇通俗小說，則以世態人情、日常起居等為中心，更加直接地描寫了人們的生活面貌，進一步凸顯作品的民族氣息及現實意義。
本論文以《韓國漢文小說全集》中所收錄的朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說為主要研究文本，在既有研究成果基礎上，透過分析、歸納等方式，從小說文本出發，對題材內容、情節安排、思想主旨、表現手法等，做出深入研究，在展露朝鮮朝人民生活與愛情的同時，揭示朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說的創作規律。
第一章緒論，以朝鮮王朝與中國的親密關係為切入點，介紹漢文小說的形成原因，並在歸納整理現有研究著述後，確定本論文之研究範疇。
第二章敘述朝鮮王朝的社會環境。以朝鮮王朝初期、中期、末期三個階段的歷史狀況、文化思想等端，結合不同時代背景下所產生之作品特點，來考察社會環境變遷對漢文小說創作與發展的影響。
第三章深度解析朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說。將作品內容與寫作背景緊密綰合，挖掘題材、情節背後的文化立意，闡述不同時代的文學思潮傾向，以展現漢文小說作者對現實社會人生的反省與思考，以及對未來的殷切期盼與美好憧憬。
第四章從人物塑造與敘事技巧，分析朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說的藝術手法。此章結合中國古典小說之藝術特色，從人物之外貌、情感、性格的表現手法，以及敘事之結構、視角之差異等寫作技巧，論說朝鮮朝作者對中國成熟創作經驗的借鑑與突破。
第五章從屢用中國典籍、假託中國背景、雜糅儒釋道教，以及彰顯民族氣息四個部分，論述朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說之創作特點，並深入剖析其形成原因與內涵，展示朝鮮族之民族特性。
最後結語，乃對論文研究內容進行整理與歸納，闡釋朝鮮王朝愛情類漢文小說在韓國古代文學史中的重要地位，並指明其在寫作技巧方面的缺陷與不足之處。
In the thousands of years of history of the Korean Peninsula, Chinese novels almost dominated the development of the whole ancient literature because of its restraint and long-term stagnation, such as Sino-Luo poetry, Koryo ballads, Korean lyrics and other national literature. The Korean Dynasty is an important period for the formal shape and the development of maturity of Chinese novels, under the influence of Chinese literary compositions, Korean fiction has been in a state of continual exploration and advance, while compared with classical Chinese novels, Korean novels are very similar in plot construction, ideological connotation and other aspects, and they have a profound mark of national culture. These Chinese novels with strong historical and cultural characteristics are not only the crystallization of harmonious coexistence and exchanges between China and the Korean dynasty, but also the very precious literary capital in Korean literary works.
Chinese novels of love in the Korean dynasty actually describe the political situation, peoples lives and cultural thoughts of that time, they are works that look into the eyes of social problems and real life and there are strong pertinence. Although Chinese novels are rooted in the utilitarian view of "concerning the hearts of mankind" and the ethical thought of "persuasion and punishment", they usually aim at "writing is for conveying truth" and "Buddhistic teaching ", and they also expose the contradictions and conflicts of society and the darkness and corruption of politics. Particularly after the war, writers are accustomed to expressing their social life through novels combined with reality, and they express the thought and feeling toward life. They combined the novel with the characteristics of the times, such as social unrest, foreign aggression and some others, thus showing the strong emotions and spiritual wills of the Korean nation to resist tyranny and dictatorship, yearn for freedom and peace, loyalist patriot and national salvation. In the middle and late period of the Korean Dynasty, the full-length popular novels centered on the human nature and daily life, described peoples life more directly, and further highlighted the national atmosphere and practical significance of the works.
Taking Korean Complete Works of Chinese Novels as its research target, the book tells the Chinese novels of love in Korean Dynasty, analysis and induction are used, based on the existing research results, this paper makes an in-depth study of the content of subject, plot arrangement, ideological theme, expression techniques and so on. At the same time, it reveals the Korean peoples life and love and the writing rules of Korean love stories in Chinese.
In the first chapter, the introduction starts from the close relationship between the Korean Dynasty and China, introduces the forming reasons of Chinese novels, summarizes the existing research works, and determines the research scope of this paper.
In the second chapter, the social environment of the Korean Dynasty are described. This paper examines the influence of social environment changes on the creation and development of Chinese fiction by taking historical conditions and cultural thoughts of the early, middle and late stages of the Korean Dynasty and combining the characteristics of the works produced in different times.
In the third chapter, Korean love stories in Chinese are deeply analyzed. The content of the work integrates with the writing background, excavates the cultural intention behind the theme and plot, and elaborates the trend of literary thought in different times, the author of the Chinese novel shows that his reflection and thought in the realistic social, as well as his eager expectation and beautiful longing for the future.
In the fourth chapter, it analyses the artistic techniques of Korean love stories from characterization and narrative techniques. This chapter combines the artistic characteristics of Chinese classical novels, and discusses the Korean writers experience of Chinese mature creation and breakthroughs from the aspects of characters appearance, emotions and personality, as well as the differences of narrative structure and perspectives.
In the fifth chapter, it discusses the creative characteristics of Korean love stories in Chinese by using four parts: using Chinese classics frequently, assuming Chinese background, mixing Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and highlighting national atmosphere, and it also deeply analyses the reasons and connotations of these stories, and demonstrates the national characteristics of the Korean nationality.
The final part, the research about contents of the thesis is sorting out and summarized, explains the important position of Korean love Chinese novel in the history of Korean ancient literature, and points out its deficiencies and shortcomings in writing skills. |
