| 摘要: | 中文摘要
本研究探討中國大陸刑事訴訟過程中強制措施之分析，並以拘傳為例。兩岸的刑事訴訟法都有因應時代變遷而適時做修訂，對於拘傳的發動對象與時機程序是如何？在人權上，尤其是嫌疑人之基本權力與權利方面究竟是如何，嫌疑人又該如何救濟等？本研究從將透過歷史研究、訪談法與文獻分析法，進一步檢視中國大陸的刑事訴訟過程中強制措施拘傳之作為，梳理出大陸拘傳發動及刑事訴訟法之拘傳發動因素，並訪談相關檢察機關及法官等人員，然後做一分析。
經過文獻研讀和對8位大陸執行拘傳之法官、檢察官與警察人士進行深度訪談，本研究發現，臺灣和中國大陸雖原本源出大陸法系，但在不同的法律系統下確有顯著的不同，此一特性顯現於偵查中尤為明顯，在臺灣之偵查機關中，區分為檢察機關和司法警察機關，檢察官於傳統見解中雖名為偵查主體，但主要之案件卻大都由司法警察機關所移送偵辦，然而檢察官卻居於偵查中主控者之地位，且掌有後續之監控機制，司法警察機關在許多事項上一須經過檢察官之審核後方得為之。研究結果發現，臺灣在刑事訴訟法上有明確人民的救濟說明，但在中國大陸在人權方面的權力與權利上給予人民的救濟權利也應可以有更明確的制定。最後，研究者對兩岸刑事偵查法制與檢警實施強制處分權之職務分配現狀，並提出檢討及改進之方案，務求在正當法律程序原則之指導下使檢、警分別踐行其各自之法定程序，建立權責相符之法律體制。
關鍵字：中國大陸、刑事訴訟、強制措施、拘傳、拘提
Abstract
This study explores the analysis of compulsory measures in the criminal proceedings in mainland China, and takes detention as an example. Both sides of the criminal procedure law have been revised in due course in response to changes in the times. What is the target and timing of the arrest? In terms of human rights, especially the basic powers and rights of the suspects, how should the suspects be relieved? This study will further examine the acts of compulsory measures in criminal proceedings in mainland China through historical research, interviews and literature analysis, and sort out the arresting factors of the mainland's arrest and criminal procedure law, and interview the relevant prosecution authorities and The judge and other personnel then do an analysis.
After in-depth study of the literature and in-depth interviews with judges, prosecutors and police officers who executed the detention on eight continents, this study found that although Taiwan and mainland China originally originated from the civil law system, they did have significant differences under different legal systems. This characteristic is particularly evident in investigations. In Taiwan’s investigative organs, it is divided into procuratorial organs and judicial police organs. Although the prosecutors are called investigative subjects in traditional opinions, most of the major cases are handled by judicial police organs. The transfer of the investigation, however, the prosecutor is in the position of the protagonist in the investigation, and has a follow-up monitoring mechanism, the judicial police organs must be reviewed by the prosecutor on many matters. The study found that Taiwan has a clear explanation of the people's remedies in the criminal procedure law, but the right to remedy the people's rights and rights in human rights in mainland China should also be more clearly defined. Finally, the researcher puts forward the status quo of the duty distribution of the criminal investigation legal system and the police in the cross-strait criminal investigation, and proposes a review and improvement plan to ensure that the inspection and police respectively implement their respective legal procedures under the guidance of the principle of due process of law. Establish a legal system in which powers and responsibilities are consistent.
Keywords: Mainland China, criminal proceedings, enforcement measures, detention, arrest |
