| 摘要: | 油茶是屬於山茶科山茶屬中種子油脂含量較高且具有經濟栽培價值的植物總稱，主要分布於東亞地區，大多種植於中國南方地區，其籽經常作為提取食用油的原料，富含豐富的不飽和脂肪酸，對身體具有益處，但大量的殼在榨油完總是被丟棄或作為肥料，導致含有大量生物活性化合物的殼被浪費，此外研究油茶果殼的人並不多，因此本研究目的為利用兩種常作為榨油品種的油茶果殼(分別為大菓油茶Camellia oleifera Abel.和小菓油茶Camellia tenuifolia (Hayata) Cohen- Stuart) 以乙醇萃取，進行抗氧化能力測定，包括DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS自由基清除能力、還原力測定、過氧化氫清除能力，以及抗氧化成分分析如總多酚類含量測定，並進行細胞活性試驗，包括細胞毒性試驗、樣品對過氧化氫誘導細胞損傷之保護試驗及LPS誘導NO之抗發炎試驗，再利用能力較好之小菓油茶果殼70%乙醇萃取物進行Sephadex LH 20管柱層析萃並進行抗氧化能力測定，最後進行DNA保護試驗。結果顯示，在粗萃物之抗氧化活性的部分Camellia tenuifolia具有較好的效果，而抗氧化成分分析總酚及總黃酮含量的部分Camellia tenuifolia也較Camellia oleifera含量高，且兩種品系的油茶果殼皆具有保護DNA受過氧化氫傷害的效果，另外經Sephadex LH-20 膠體管柱層析後之分化物皆具有良好的抗氧化活性，以分化物四具有最好的效果。而二種品系苦茶果殼之70%乙醇粗萃物對Raw264.7 cell皆不具毒性，且依兩萃取物之濃度上升，LPS誘導NO含量皆減少，由此可知油茶果殼具有一定的抗氧化及抗發炎效果，其潛在價值值得繼續研究，讓廢棄物回收再利用更有經濟效應。
Camellia, an evergreen tree, grows in middle and southern regions of China. Its seeds are the raw material of extracting edible oil, which is highly praised because of its unsaturated fatty acids, which had benefit to our body. But after oil extraction, many of the fruit coat usually abandon or be fertilizer. The seeds of plants usually contain various antioxidant factors. Previous studies show that fruit coat had strong antioxidant activity. However, less information is available about the compare of different strain of camellia fruit coat simultaneously, therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of different strain (Camellia oleifera Abel. and Camellia tenuifolia (Hayata) Cohen-Stuart) of the camellia fruit coat. The camellia fruit coat were extracted with ethanol. The antioxidant activity was measured by different models, including DPPH．, ABTS．radical scavenging capacity, H2O2 scavenging capacity and reducing power. In addition, the extracts were measured the total phenol content, total flavonolic content, examined the DNA protection ability and cell viability test. The 70% ethanol extraction of C. tenuifolia fruit coat (crude extract) was separated on a Sephadex LH 20 column chromatography using methanol as mobile phase. The fractions were measured by antioxidant activity. C. tenuifolia had the better DPPH‧ scavenge activity. The C. tenuifolia also had the better ABTS‧ scavenge activity. The total phenol and flavonolic contents distribution in the different strains of Camellia fruit coat was C. tenuifolia more than C. oleifera. The DNA protection experiment showed that all samples had DNA protection abilities with increasing concentration. Furthermore, the fractions through Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography all have good antioxidant activity. In particular, fraction 4 has the best effect. The cytotoxicity test showed that 70% ethanol extraction of Camellia fruit coat were not toxic and inhibit of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These results demonstrated that the ethanolic extracts of Camellia fruit coat has antioxidant activity, indicating their potential applications are worthy of further investigations. |
