不同密度三明治織物之降噪系統研究

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题名:	不同密度三明治織物之降噪系統研究 Sound Absorbing and Insulating System Research of Sandwich Fabrics in Different Density
作者:	黃宜璿 (HUANG,YI-XUAN)
贡献者:	化學工程與材料工程學系奈米材料碩士班
关键词:	三明治板材酚醛樹酯蜂巢結構纖維織物吸音性隔音性 Sandwich plate Phenolic Resin Honeycomb fabric Absorption Sound insulation
日期:	2018
上传时间:	2019-05-10 13:09:27 (UTC+8)
摘要:	現在社會密集的居住型態下，如何防制噪音屬當今重要課題，防制噪音的方式，一般藉由減少噪音源及截斷傳遞途徑以達到目的。聲波的傳遞路徑過程中，吸音材料具有進行吸收、損耗與阻隔作用，進而達到降低噪音的功效。現行使用最多的多孔型材料為最普遍的吸音材料，板材表面具有微多孔，可以方便聲波進入板材內部，使聲音與板材結構共振，達到抵消聲能的效果。本實驗以三明治板材添加熔噴不織布及酚醛樹脂結合製成多孔型複合吸音材料，透過改變板材的厚度、孔徑大小、密度並對板材吸音性能及強力進行測試，作為主要探討項目，希望製出吸音效果良好且機械性質優良的室內吸音用材料。本研究首先探討酚醛樹酯發泡板的物理性質，得到酚醛樹酯及硬化劑調配比例硬化劑用量與發泡成形時間成正比，改變複合比例探討其最佳硬化劑用量為1：0.25，發泡時間23秒可完整含浸蜂巢纖維後發泡固化。如以不同調配比例製作出酚醛樹酯發泡板，雖發泡時間會因硬化劑含量提升而縮短，在三種不同比例板材比較中密度相差不大，所以硬化劑比例並不影響發泡板材之密度。在酚醛樹脂發泡板材表面孔隙率，分析結果將以1:0.25比例進行三明治織物製蜂巢結構纖維發泡板材進行強力測試，測試厚度9/9mm 織物的厚度相較6/6mm及3/3mm佳，最佳衝擊強力在孔徑9/9mm 的蜂巢結構纖維織物經、緯向耐衝擊強力分別為61.26 Kg-cm、112.027 Kg-cm。在吸音性測試方面，實驗結果中發現，不同孔徑單層蜂巢結構纖維織物發泡吸音板材在高頻6400Hz的吸音率均達到0.5以上，再增加第二層板材後吸音性表現，以 6mm 板材為第一層時，其結果在高頻6400Hz時6mm/9mm板材吸音效果最佳，吸音率為0.8926。發現在板材厚度增加時，能夠對中高頻段的吸音效果有良好的提升，以使用相同規格孔徑交疊比較，不同規格之平均吸音率相較於相同規格，吸音率平均提高0.14155。在厚度方面改變對隔音性之影響，因隔音性會隨著纖維厚度增加而上升，而纖維厚度越厚所製作成的板材，體積也會隨之增加，相對會較厚重，導致板材在加工及後續應用時的不便利。 Nowadays, under the social-intensive living pattern, how to prevent noise is an important issue. Reducing noise source and cutting off transmission route are the general way to reduce the influences of noise. In order to prevent noise effect, porous plate is the most widely used Sound-absorbing material. Micro-porous on the surface of porous plate used to absorb sound waves, resonate the sound with the plate structure, to achieve the effect of cancelling the sound energy. In this experiment, melt blown non-woven fabric and phenolic resin are combined with sandwich plates to form a porous composite sound-absorbing material. Testing the sound absorption performance and strength by changing board’s thickness, pore size and density. In order to create an Indoor sound-absorbing materials with good sound absorption and excellent mechanical properties. This study first explored the physical properties of phenolic resin foam boards. During the test of ratio of phenolic resin and hardener, proved the amount of hardener is directly proportional to the foam forming time, and shown 1:0.25 is the optimal composite ratio of hardener. It’s used 23 seconds to complete the foaming and solidification after impregnating the honeycomb fibers. If the phenolic resin foam board made in different proportions, although foaming time will be shortened due to the increase in hardener content, difference in the density of the three different proportions of the plates is not significant. Therefore, hardener ratio does not affect the density of the foamed sheet. To analysis porosity on the surface of phenolic resin foamed sheet, honeycomb structural fiber foam sheet made by 1:0.25 ratio sandwich fabric is used for strength testing. The results show that, thickness of 9/9mm fabric is better than 6/6mm and 3/3mm, the vertical ans horizonal impact strength of 9/9mm fabricare 61.26 Kg-cm and 112.027 Kg-cm, respectively, demonstrated the best impact strength. In terms of sound absorption testing, experimental results show that the sound absorption rate of high-frequency 6400 Hz in the single-layered honeycomb fabrics with different pore diameters reaches above 0.5. After adding a second layer of sheet material, the sound absorption performance, when using 6mm sheet as the first layer, as a result, sound absorption rate is 0.8926, illustrate the 6mm/9mm plate has the best sound absorption effect at high frequency 6400Hz. Found when the thickness of the sheet increases, the sound absorption effect of the medium and high frequency bands can be improve. Comparing with the same size aperture overlap, average sound absorption rate of different specifications compared to the same specification, the sound absorption rate can be increased by an average of 0.14155. Lastly, the test of effect sound insulation though the thickness change indicated sound insulation increases as the fiber thickness increases, also The thicker fiber the plate made of, volume of plate will increase as well. Relatively thicker sheet causes the inconvenient during processing and subsequent application.
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