| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討，臺北地區高職美容類科學生「時尚素養」之現況，以及不同「個人背景因素」之高職美容類科學生在「時尚素養」上的差異情形。更進一步瞭解「個人背景因素」對高職美容類科學生「時尚素養」的解釋力。
本研究採「立意抽樣 」方式進行取樣，選取大臺北地區（臺北市、新北市、基隆市) 高職美容類科（美容科與時尚科）一、二、三年級學生為研究對象，正式施測樣本為460份，經回收問卷450份，回收率達97.83 %，扣除填答不完整等無效問卷後，實得有效樣本434份，有效回收率為 94.35%。所使用之研究工具包括：「個人背景資料表」與「時尚素養量表」。施測所得資料以SPSS for Windows 22.0 進行結果析，分別採用：描述性統計、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較法、多元迴歸分析等統計方法加以分析。本研究結果如下：
一、高職美容類科學生之整體「時尚素養」趨向中上程度，尚未達佳之狀況。其中，以「時尚敏銳」層面之時尚素養為最佳，而以「專業能力」層面之時尚素養為最差。
二、高職美容類科「女學生」之整體時尚素養較「男學生」為佳。
三、高職美容類科「三年級」學生之整體時尚素養較「二年級與一年級」為佳。
四、高職「時尚科」學生之整體時尚素養較「美容科」學生為佳。
五、已取得勞動部技術證照」學生，在「專業能力」層面之時尚素養較「未取得勞動部技術證照」為佳。
六、「已取得女子美髮丙級證照」之學生，其在整體「時尚素養」較「未取得女子美髮丙級證照」學生為佳。
七、「經常參加美容時尚相關活動」之學生，其在整體「時尚素養」較「偶爾參加及很少參加」之學生為佳。
八、高職美容類科學生之「就讀類科」與「美容時尚相關活動」，在整體「時尚素養」上達顯著水準，能預測受試者8%的變異量。意即，高職「時尚科」學生與「經常參加美容時尚相關活動」之學生，其整體「時尚素養」就愈佳。
根據本研究之主要發現與結論，提供高職美容類科學生、美容類科老師、學校教育相關單位及後續研究者之建議如下：
一、學生宜以提升整體「時尚素養」及「專業能力」為主，在學習上保持正向積極之學習態度，積極取得勞動部各類技術證照，多參與各類美容時尚相關活動並廣泛閱讀美容時尚相關書籍及報導，藉此增加學習的樂趣，同時提高個人對課程的信心及成就感。
二、老師們除了在知識的傳達及技能的傳授之外，宜更致力於學生學習歷程中的美容時尚相關活動，增加學生於業界參訪、職場體驗及校外實習的各種機會。除此之外，可多充分運用學校的教學設備及各種教學媒體工具，藉此活化授課時的教學過程、研發多元且適切之教學資源，來提升學生在學習的過程中主動思考、勇於嘗試的經驗，以達到促進學生整體「時尚素養」及「專業能力」的目的。
三、學校及教育相關單位宜以學生為主體，重視實務創作課程，可藉由導入多元的課程設計方式，來啟發學生創意發想的設計理念。學校可結合在地社區與家長資源，加強學生參與美容時尚活動。除此之外，技職教育科系的學生在人文、美學涵養部份較缺乏，宜鼓勵學生除專業能力之外，更應充實其內涵，並加強社交生活的禮儀及儀態，提升學生之優雅氣質。在教師提昇相關知能上，宜辦理美容時尚專業之研習課程，積極鼓勵專業教師參與進修，增進老師的專業知能，豐厚專業教師之時尚素養，能將經驗身體力行，讓學生潛移默化中能受到教師的薰陶。
四、建議未來的研究者，在進行相關研究時，可擴大所取樣的地區範圍，也可與家政類的其他科進行比較。除此之外，擴充影響因素變項之範圍也是有必要的，可兼採「質性研究」的方式，藉由不同的角度，來進一步探索時尚素養之影響因子。
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the "fashion literacy" and the different "personal background factors" of senior vocational school student studing in department of Beautification at Taipei area.
The method of this study was "purposive sampling", the research object contain the first, second, and third grade of the higher vocational at Taipei area (including Taipei city, Xinbei city and Keelung). The total number of formal questionnaires was 460, and 450 were recovered, the recovery rate was 97.83%. After deducting the incomplete questionnaire, the effective questionnaire was 434, and the effective recovery rate was 94.35%. The research tools used in this study were "Table of Personal Background Information" and "Fashion Literacy Scale table". Descriptive statistical analysis was using SPSS 22.0, the analysis methods including: descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows:
1.The overall "fashion literacy" of senior vocational school student studing in department of Beautification tends to be above-middle, and has not yet reached a good condition. Among them, the fashion literacy at the "fashion sensitive" level is the best, and the fashion literacy at the "professional competence" level is the worst.
2.The overall "fashion literacy" of female students is better than the male students.
3.The overall "fashion literacy" of the "third grade" students is better than the "second grade and first grade".
4.The overall "fashion literacy" of the "Dept. of Fashion Models" students is better than that of "Dept. of Beautification" students.
5.Students who have obtained the Technical Certificate of the Ministry of Labor have better "fashion literacy" at the level of "professional competence" than "do not have Technical Certificate of the Ministry of Labor ".
6.Students who have obtained the "Level C technician for female hairdressing" are better than the students "do not have Level C technician for female hairdressing".
7.Students who "regularly participate in beauty fashion-related activities" are better at the overall "fashion literacy" than those who "occupy and rarely participate".
8.The "Learning department" has positive correlation of "Fashion Related Activities", which has a significant level in "fashion literacy" and the variability was 8% of the subjects. These means that the overall "fashion literacy" of the students of the "Dept. of Fashion Models" students have better "Frequently Participating in Beauty Fashion Related Activities"
According to the main findings and conclusions of this study, the suggestions for senior vocational school student studing in department of Beautification students, teachers, schools, and follow-up researchers are as follows:
1.Students should improving their overall "fashion literacy" and "professional competence". They should maintain a positive learning attitude, obtain various technical licenses from the Ministry of Labour actively, participate in various beauty and fashion related activities. Besides, reading a wide range of beauty and fashions relevant books and reports. Increasing the individual's confidence and sense of accomplishment.
2.In addition to the teaching, teachers should focus on the beauty and fashion related activities in the student learning process, and increase the opportunities for students to participate in the industry, workplace experience and off-campus internships. Besides, full use of the school's teaching equipment and various teaching media tools to activate appropriate teaching resources to enhance students' active thinking and have courage to try everything. Experience to achieve the purpose of promoting students' overall "fashion literacy" and "professional competence".
3.Schools and education-related units should focus on students and pay attention to practical creation courses, by introducing a variety of curriculum teaching methods, students can inspire their creative. Schools can also combine local communities and parent to enhance students' participation in beauty and fashion activities. In addition, students in the Department of Technical and Vocational Education are lacking in humanities and aesthetics. To improve their connotations and their professional abilities, and to enhance the manners of social life, and enhance the elegance of students. In the enhance of relevant knowledge to teachers, it is need to apply the study course of beauty and fashion majors, encourage professional teachers to participate in further studies, enhance the professional knowledge, and cultivate the professional quality.
4.Future researchers can increase the scope of research when conducting relevant research, or compare it with other subject category. In addition, it is necessary to expand the scope of the influencing factors, and the method by “quality research” to further explore, the influence factors of fashion literacy from different angles. |
