| 摘要: | 本計劃以台灣與日本的災難展示為研究對象，探討災難展示的文化與科學意涵。傳播研究、博物館研究、科學科技研究、災難研究這四個領域各自累積不少研究成果，但整合這四個領域所進行的研究尚待補足。有鑑於此，本研究選取台灣與日本重要的、與災難展示相關的博物館做為研究個案，進行跨國比較分析，從文化研究角度切入，梳理災難展示中，文化展示與科學展示中所隱含的政治性，並試圖建構災難展示的理論與分析架構。 本計劃的問題意識源自災難展示並非中立自然，展示方式對事件的詮釋與理解影響甚大，以批判性的文化研究取徑分析災難展示，可進一步瞭解展示所可能造成的文化（建構歷史意識、社會集體記憶、自我認同）以及科學（公眾理解並參與科學）之效果。因此，希望回答的問題包括：1、在博物館展示災難的用意為何？2、誰是展示的參與者與行動者？3、哪些物件或規劃被納入或排除？4、災難展示中的科學展示與科技展示之特殊處？ 理論上，本計劃先回顧相關文獻以確認博物館是一種媒介，並檢視從媒介理論切入的博物館研究取徑，繼之分析博物館展示的政治性，以及博物館科技的角色，最後討論結合災難與科學之展示意涵。資料收集與分析上，本計劃為兩年期計劃，以文獻資料收集與多點田野調查的方式進行，第一年將赴日本神戶、大阪與東京參訪五處博物館，以參觀、訪談、觀察、二手文獻等方式（包括媒體相關報導）收集資料；第二年則根據第一年所收集到的資料，繼續參訪台灣五處博物館，以同樣的方式收集資料，最後進行兩地災難展示的比較分析。本研究預期貢獻：本計劃預期整合不同的研究領域之理論視角於災難展示個案上，建構出災難展示的分析架構，透過比較研究，期待提供台灣與日本兩地災難展示之相互借鏡。
This project aims to explore cultural and scientific meanings of disaster displays, taking Taiwan and Japan as cases of study. The fields of Communication Studies, Museum Studies, Science and Technology Studies (STS) and Disaster Studies have accumulated abundant literature. However the existing literature seldom focused on the combination of these abovementioned four fields. This project intends to bridge the gap and to conduct a comparative study on main museums and disaster displays respectively in Taiwan and Japan. It will take a perspective of cultural study within the field of Museum Studies as well as investigate the cultural politics and scientific politics embedded within displays. This research withdraws on the assumptions that disaster displays are not culturally and scientifically neutral and the ways of display will dominate interpretations of disasters. Thus, the analysis of power relationship within helps to understand cultural (the construction of historical consciousness, social collective memories, self-identities) and scientific meanings (public understanding and engagement of science and technology) embedded within displays. Theoretically, this project critically reviews related literature to support the statement of this research that museum is medium. Then, it discusses how to apply media theories into museum studies. Thirdly, it investigates the politics of cultural display and science display. Fourthly, it reviews the role of museum technology plays in the display. Finally, it reviews the literature on combination of displays of disaster and science. With the schedule of this two-year project, during the first year, the researcher will firstly do fieldwork in five museums respectively from Kobe, Osaka and Tokyo. Observations, interviews and secondary literature will be adopted as the data collection methods. During the second year, drawing upon the data collected from Japan, the researcher will adopt same methods to collect data in five museums from Taiwan, and conduct comparative analysis. This research hopes to contribute to theoretical development in the domain of disaster studies as well as to future construction of disaster museums and displays in Taiwan and Japan. |
