| 摘要: | 為因應高齡化、少子女化社會來臨，傳統家庭照顧功能衰微情況下，我國參酌各國長期照顧體系「在地老化」發展趨勢、強調以社區照顧為優先。傳統文化觀念中「家」是終老的地方，對老人及失能者而言，期待能於社區、家庭中得到照顧服務，因之提供充足的居家服務人力實具迫切需求與重要性。
惟現居家服務人力需求、培訓與投入人數的落差，為落實長期照顧政策推動居家服務主要問題關鍵之一。研究顯示居家服務人力招募困難、高流動率的原因包括：社會角色缺乏專業形象、勞動條件與福利待遇不佳、職涯發展不易、工作成就感低、資源與補助機制片段與不足、長期照顧政策措施未有系統性長期規劃等。長期照顧政策之規劃與有效推動，與人力供應策略關係密不可分，為能有效滿足居家服務需求，透過政策規劃推動，充足居家服務人力、吸引投入實為重要。
本研究由中山思想脈絡、人力資本理論梳理我國長期照顧政策推動與實踐過程，對居家服務人力供應之影響暨依政策評估理論由深度訪談長期照顧人力供應政策利害關係人，分析釐清現有長期照顧居家服務人力培訓供應機制的實際運作情形，並具體提出政策建議，以期充足居家服務人力、滿足社會需求。
In response to the coming of aging population, low natality, and the declines of traditional family care function, Taiwan government refers to the long-term care system from other countries of the trend of “aging in place” which emphasizes “community care” as a priority. In addition, “home” is the place of life destination in traditional thinking. Especially, in terms of the elderly and disability, it is critical to obtain care service in their family and community. Hence, providing sufficient home care workforce is critical and urgently in need.
However, there is a gap covering current home care workforce demand, training, and manpower investment, which becomes one of the key problems within advancing home care services. Research indicates the reasons of causing the difficulty of recruiting home care service providers and high turnover rates, it is duly because the lacking of professional image in social roles, bad labor conditions and payroll scale, difficulty on future career development, non-apparent accomplishment on works, fragments on resource and compensation mechanism, and lacking of systematic planning on long term care policy. Effective launching long term policies are closely linking to workforce supply strategy. In order to effectively satisfy home care service demand, it is critical to have sufficient home care service workforce and attractive involvement through policy launching.
This study is from the Sun, Yat-sen thinking and human resource theory to organize the process of long term care policy launching and practice on home care workforce supply. Through in-depth interview the stakeholders who involve in long term care workforce supply policy, this study analyzes and clarifies the practical operation of current long term care workforce training and supplying. The proposed policy suggestions can facilitate sufficient home care workforce and satisfy social demand. |
