自2008年9月世界金融危機後，突顯出監理制度與措施對銀行經營影響的重要性。無論是中央銀行的獨立性、或是監理一元化，監理制度對銀行經營效率影響如何？為近年來備受關注之課題。此外，私人監管、政府監管權力、活動限制、資本要求等監理措施，是否有助於提升銀行效率呢？為本研究探討之另一重點。
本文究針對亞洲區域內的銀行，以27個國家、968家銀行為研究對象，研究期間為2003年至2015年。本研究發現央行獨立性愈高的國家有助於提高銀行成本與收益效率，監理一元程度愈高的國家反會降低銀行收益效率。當加強監管權力會使收益效率降低，而強化市場紀律和私人監督則會提升銀行收益效率。
本文也發現，在交叉作用方面，強化市場紀律和私人監督，在央行獨立性愈強的國家，會降低銀行之成本及收益效率；在監理一元化的國家，則使成本效率上升。此外，央行獨立性愈高，同時又強化監理權力措施或限制業務，可提高銀行收益效率；監理一元化國家提高限制業務，則使銀行成本效率上升。
The world financial crisis in September 2008 highlighted the importance of su-pervision system and supervisory regulations on the operation of banks. The issues of the independence of the central bank, unified financial supervision, and how the su-pervision system affect the bank operational efficiency are gaining greater concerns. Another focus of this study is whether supervisory regulations such as private moni-toring, government supervisory power, bank activity restrictions, capital requirements, etc. can help improving bank efficiency.
This study focuses on 968 banks in 27 countries of Asia from 2003 to 2015, this study shows that countries with higher central bank independence help to increase bank cost and revenue efficiency, and that countries with higher unified financial su-pervision would reduce the revenue efficiency of banks. When Asia countries strengthening supervisory power would reduce the revenue efficiency of banks, strengthening market discipline and private supervision would increase revenue effi-ciency of banks.
This study also finds that in terms of interactions, it strengthened market disci-pline and private supervision in countries with more independent central banks would reduce the cost and revenue efficiency of banks, in the countries of unified supervision would increase cost efficiency. In addition, the higher the independence of the central bank, and at the same time strengthen the supervisory power measures or activity re-striction, can increase the revenue efficiency of banks. The countries of supervision unified improve the activity restriction would increase the cost efficiency of banks.
