| 摘要: | 目的：本研究旨在探討減重對於大專柔道選手無氧動力及爆發力之影響。
方法：受試者為大專優秀柔道運動員，受試者平均年齡為 20.7±1.71 歲，平均身高為 167.4±10.4 公分，平均體重為 75.5±15.4 公斤。在減重前、後使用原地腳踏車功率器，以 Wingate30 秒的負荷強度求出最高無氧動力、帄均無氧動力、動力遞減率。使用 My jump APP 程式以垂直下蹲跳 (CMJ)求出爆發力峰值。所得的資料以 SPSS 相依樣本 t 檢定分析比較，α 值設定為 0.05。結果：本研究在減重前、後所得數據分析後，有計劃地進行減重對優秀大專柔道選手之無氧運動能力（最高無氧能力、平均無氧能力、動力遞減率）有顯著提升，而對身體組成之細胞內液（L）、細胞外液（L）、蛋白質重（kg）、骨質重（kg）、脂肪重（kg）、體脂肪率（％）、脂肪分布（腰臀圍比）、肌肉重（kg）及爆發力沒有顯著差異 。以長期漸進的方式進行減重，不僅能有效維持運動能力提升競賽表現，並可降低減重所產生的負面影響。建議：減重是大多數柔道選手會遇到的問題，也是致勝的策略之一，往往有許多選手會進行急速減重，而非透過一段較長時間的飲食控制來達到目標體重，運動員應該尋求相關專家的飲食建議。優秀運動員應根據教練訓練和生活方式來評估能量的消耗，配合日常訓練，有計劃地進行飲食攝取的總熱量，才能達到預期效果與目標。
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of weight loss on anaerobic power and explosive force of collegiate judo players.
Methods: The subjects were excellent judo players, the average age of subjects was 20.7±1.71 years, the average height was 167.4±10.4 cm, and the average weight was 75.5±15.4 kg. Before and after the weight reduction, the use of the in-situ bicycle power device, the maximum anaerobic power, the average anaerobic power and the power decline rate were obtained with WINGATE 30 second load strength. Use My Jump App program to find the peak of the explosive force in a vertical squat hop (CMJ). The obtained data were compared with the t-Test analysis of SPSS, and the α value was set to 0.05. Results: After the analysis of the data before and after the weight loss, it was planned to carry out the anaerobic exercise ability of the elite collegiate judo players (the highest anaerobic ability, the mean anaerobic and kinetic
decline rates were significantly elevated, while intracellular fluid (L), extracellular fluid (L), protein weight (kg) and bone weight (kg) in the body were , Fat Weight (kg), body fat rate (%), fat distribution (waist hip circumference ratio), muscle weight (kg) and explosive force no significant difference. The long-term gradual approach to weight loss can not only effectively maintain the athletic ability to improve the competition performance, but also reduce the negative impact of weight loss. Proposal: Weight loss is a problem for most judo players, and one of the strategies for
winning, often many players will lose weight quickly, rather than through a longer period of diet control to achieve the goal, athletes should seek relevant expert dietary advice. Excellent athletes should be based on coaching and lifestyle to assess energy consumption, with daily training, planned to carry out the total calorie intake to achieve the desired results and objectives. |
