| 摘要: | 都市更新是世界上大多數都市發展都會經歷的過程，而每個都市對都市更新的問題所採取的具體政策和操作方法也各不相同。在華人社會中，香港是一個國際大都會，平均國民生產所得及經濟自由度都居世界前列。隨著經濟的快速發展，人口的不斷膨脹，香港與其他亞洲城市一樣，都遇到了因為市區老化，都市機能不夠完善而出現的種種問題。都市更新及市區重建，就成為了香港政府需要面對的棘手問題。
香港觀塘區都市更新重建計畫是香港市區重建局歷來最大規模的都市更新重建計畫，該重建計畫前後發展需時達二十年以上，共分為五個發展區進行建設。正因為該重建計畫前後需時之長，影響人數之多，重建規模之大，使該重建計畫成為了自香港市區重建局成立以來最具爭議的都市更新重建計畫。香港觀塘區都市更新重建計畫所影響的人口、建物數量和地上權都創香港都市更新的歷史之最。在其規模尺度上，觀塘區都市更新重建計畫具有其獨特性。此外，觀塘區都市更新重建計畫是香港市區重建局歷來採取的最詳細的諮詢過程。研究此一重建計畫，有助於了解香港市區重建局如何提供社區參與和諮詢化解矛盾和爭議的機制，以及市區重建局在該重建計畫的具體執行過程。故本研究主要在探討香港觀塘區都市更新重建計畫的具體發展歷程，包括了香港觀塘區都市發展的背景，如何進行都市更新的重建地區劃定，物業收購的重建模式及租戶的安置計劃，以及重建的建築規劃與設計，並且得出最終的結論與建議。
本研究的研究架構主要分為緒論、正文及結論三個部分。第一章緒論旨在界定研究動機、研究目的、研究範圍以及文獻回顧等等；第二章闡述了香港及觀塘區自開埠時期以來的都市發展；第三章為觀塘區都市更新的重建地區劃定，詳細描述了觀塘市中心的規劃與發展，以及香港市區重建局觀塘市中心重建發展計劃重建地區的劃定過程和規劃流程；第四章為物業收購重建模式及租戶安置計劃，主要總結了觀塘市中心重建發展計劃的協議收購重建模式及重建物業收購準則；第五章為重建建築規劃設計，總結了觀塘市中心重建發展計劃的四輪諮詢過程，以及重建建築設計的發展歷程；第六章為結論與建議，總結香港觀塘區都市更新重建計畫的利與弊。本研究的研究方法為文獻回顧法。本研究的研究目的為發現該重建計畫在執行過程中所遇到的各種問題，以及總結出該重建計畫在執行過程中的優點和缺點，並以發展批判的角度來歸納重建計畫的利與弊，作為香港其他地區及其他都市的都市更新重建計畫之參考。
Urban renewal is a process that most of the urban development in the world will experience. However, the specific policies and operation methods adopted by every metropolis for urban renewal are also different. In Chinese society, Hong Kong is an international metropolis, the average national income producing and economic freedom are the forefront of the world. With the rapid development of economy and the continuous expansion of population, Hong Kong and other Asian cities have encountered all kinds of problems arising from urban aging and imperfect urban functions. Urban renewal has become a thorny problem that the government of Hong Kong needs to face.
The Hong Kong Kwun-Tong District Urban Renewal Project is the largest redevelopment project in urban renewal ever conducted by the Urban Renewal Authority in Hong Kong (URA). It takes more than 20 years to develop the redevelopment project and is divided into five development zones for construction. It is precisely because of the long and long-term impact of the redevelopment project, the large number of people affected and the scale of redevelopment, making the redevelopment project the most controversial urban renewal project since the establishment of the Urban Renewal Authority in Hong Kong. The population, the number of buildings and the above ground rights affected by Hong Kong Kwun-Tong District Urban Renewal Project are among the highest in Hong Kong's urban renewal history. At its scale, the urban renewal and redevelopment project in Kwun Tong has its own uniqueness. In addition, the Kwun-Tong District Urban Renewal Project is the most detailed consultation ever conducted by the Urban Renewal Authority in Hong Kong. Studying this redevelopment project will help to understand how the Urban Renewal Authority in Hong Kong provides community involvement and counseling to resolve conflicts and disputes as well as the specific implementation of the Hong Kong Kwun-Tong District Urban Renewal Project. Therefore, the present study mainly explores the specific development of the Hong Kong Kwun-Tong District Urban Renewal Project. It includes the background of the Hong Kong Kwun-Tong District Urban Renewal Project, the delineation of redevelopment areas for urban renewal, the mode of redevelopment of property acquisition and the placement of tenants plans, and reconstruction of the building planning and design, the final draw conclusions and recommendations.
The research framework of this research is mainly divided into three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. The first chapter is devoted to defining research motivation, research purpose, scope of research and literature review. The second chapter expounds the self-porting of Hong Kong and Kwun-Tong period since the urban development. Chapter III of Kwun-Tong District urban renewal redevelopment area delineated in detail the planning and development of Kwun-Tong Town Center, as well as the redevelopment plans of Hong Kong Kwun-Tong Town Center. The fourth chapter is about the mode of property acquisition and rebuilding and the plan of tenant resettlement. It mainly summarizes the agreement acquisition and rebuilding mode and redevelopment criteria of the redevelopment project of Kwun-Tong Town Center. The fifth chapter is the reconstruction of the planning and design of the building , including the fourth round of consultative process of redevelopment and development of Kwun-Tong Town Center and the development course of the building design. The sixth chapter is the conclusion and suggestion, summarizing the pros and cons of urban redevelopment project in Kwun-Tong District of Hong Kong. The research method of this study is literature review method. The purpose of this research is to find out the problems encountered in the implementation of the reconstruction project and to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the reconstruction project in the implementation process and summarize the key points of the reconstruction project pros and cons, as a reference to urban renewal projects in other areas of Hong Kong and other cities. |
