| 摘要: | 本研究旨在瞭解臺北市成年子女對「父母婚姻品質」之看法，以及剖析不同「個人與家庭背景因素」之成年子女對其「父母婚姻品質」之差異性。希冀本研究結果提供成年子女、父母及相關教育機構，作為規畫與實施婚姻與家庭教育之參考。本研究係採「調查法」進行資料之收集，「分層比例抽樣」之方式，抽取居住於臺北市之成年子女600 位為調查對象。有效回收600 份問卷，有效回收率達100％。所使用之研究工具包括：「個人背景資料表」、「家庭背景資料表」與「婚姻品質量表」。施測所得資料以統計套裝軟體SPSS for Windows 21.0 進行結果分析，分別以描述統計、單一樣本t 檢定、獨立樣本t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較法、皮爾森積差相關，以及強迫進入法多元迴歸等統計方法加以分析。主要研究結果如下：1. 臺北市成年子女之「父母婚姻品質」傾向於良好之狀況。其中，以「尊重接納」層面的父母婚姻品質為最佳；而以「家務分工」層面的父母婚姻品質為最差。2. 臺北市成年子女之「個人背景因素」（如婚姻狀況、教育程度）與其「父母婚姻品質」間具顯著關係。3. 臺北市成年子女之「家庭背景因素」（如父母婚姻狀況、父母婚姻衝突、對父母離婚態度、與父親關係、與母親關係、父母外遇情形）與其「父母婚姻品質」間具顯著關係。4. 臺北市成年子女之「個人與家庭背景因素」對「父母婚姻品質」的預測因素包括：「婚姻狀況-同居」、「教育程度-高中職以下及大學」、「父母婚姻狀況-父母離婚」、「父母婚姻衝突」、「對父母離婚態度」、「與父親關係」、「與母親關係」及「父母外遇情形-是」共八因素，能有效預測成年子女之「父母婚姻品質」55％之變異量。根據研究結果，建議成年子女父母宜引導成年子女學習經營幸福婚姻與家庭之方式，並成為子女經營幸福婚姻之楷模。婚姻教育與輔導機構宜開設婚姻關係、婚姻經營，以及婚姻教育相關課程和講座，以提升成年人正確的婚姻與家庭之價值觀。
The purpose of this study was to explore the adult children's ＂parental marital quality＂ and the associated factors such as ＂personal factors＂ and ＂family factors＂. The findings of the study could provide the resources to adult children, parents, and related education institutions when executing marital and family education issues. In this study, survey method was conducted and the target population was the adult children in Taipei city. 600 samples are obtained by stratified quota sampling. The procedure used a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire to collect data for this study. Stratified quota sampling was used to draw a sample. 600 (100%) adult children completed the questionnaire with valid responses, therefore, non-response error was minimal. The research instrument include: ＂personal background questionnaire＂, ＂Family Background Questionnaire＂, and ＂Parental Marital Quality Scale＂. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 version: Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-wayANOVA, Scheffe's method, and Pearson product correlation. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The ＂parental marital quality＂ of adult children tend to be good. Of all the dimensions, ＂acceptance with respect＂ shows the highest quality of parental marital relationships; whereas, ＂division of housework＂ shows the worst marriage quality. 2. There were significant differences between ＂parental marital quality＂ and ＂personal background factors＂ (such as ＂marital status＂, ＂education＂) for adult children. 3. There were significant differences between ＂parental marital quality＂ and ＂family background factors＂ (＂parental marital status＂, ＂parental marital conflict＂, ＂the attitude of the parental divorce＂, ＂relationship with his father＂, ＂relationship with his mother＂, and ＂parents' extramarital relationships＂) for adult children. 4. The predictive factors of the ＂parental marital quality＂ with ＂personal and family factor＂ include: ＂marital status in cohabitation＂, ＂the level of education＂, ＂parental marital status being divorce＂, ＂parental marital conflict＂, ＂the attitude toward the parents' divorce＂, ＂relationship with his father＂, ＂relationship with his mother＂, and ＂parents' extramarital relationships. It can effectively predict the ＂parental marital quality＂ of the participants. The variance of prediction can reach by a value of 55％. According to the findings of this study, researcher suggested that the parents of adult children should guide their children to learn the way of building a healthy marriage and family. In addition, marital education and counselling institutions should have courses or workshops related to marital relationships, marital education for adults, in order to strengthen adults' value of marriage and family. |
