| 摘要: | 都市計畫通盤檢討實施辦法明定，辦理主要計畫通盤檢討時應擬定大眾運輸導向之都市發展模式土地使用配置策略或計畫。此規定宣告的我國都市型態發展模式，朝向大眾運輸導向（TOD）集中發展模式。大眾運輸導向發展（TOD）的五個基本規劃原則包含：提高土地混合使用（Diversity）、提高土地使用高密度（Density）、都市設計（Design）、目的地的可及性（Destination accessibility）、運輸場站的距離（Distance to transit）等。強調都市集中發展，減少對環境資源的破壞浪費，重塑市區中心倡導結合交通運輸及土地集約使用，吸引人潮回流到都市中心，減緩都市無效之擴張。現代都市計畫理論最早應追溯到歐文（Robert Owen）、傅立葉（Charles Fourier）、高定（Jean Baptiste Godin）等烏托邦的傳統思潮。19世紀工業化及都市化，影響都市發展理論，20世紀前50~60年期間，理性的綜合規劃模式主導了的都市規劃。1990年代，都市規劃開始關注大都市的全球化理論，並提出世界都市的理念。新的都市規劃模式也開始構建，並呈現多元化格局。綜理諸多理論中，強調都市集中發展的包含：現代都市、聚集經濟理論、世界都市、核心—邊緣理論、緊湊都市、大眾運輸導向規劃等。為解析都市型態發展的研究架構，本文首先說明都市型態集中發展之相關理論，再綜整既有研究方向與內容，比較諸多研究都市型態發展的方法，進而依空間型構法則（Spatial Syntax）分析都市發展型態，作為都市規劃的參考依據。
Comprehensive review of urban planning was regulated that transit-oriented development model should be on land use plan policies. This urban development orientation was declared the Transit-Oriented Development; TOD would be a centralized development mode in Taiwan. The five basic planning principles of TOD include: land mix use (Diversity), high density land use (Density), urban design (Design), accessibility of destination (Destination accessibility), transportation distance of station (Distance to transit) and so on. That is emphasizes centralized urban development, reduce waste destruction of environmental resources, reshape downtown advocate combining transportation and land intensive use, attracting crowds back to the city center, slowing the expansion of the city is invalid. Modern urban planning theories of urban centralized development should be traced back to the earliest Robert Owen, Charles Fourier, Jean Baptiste Godin and other utopian thought. And then, 19th century industrialization and urbanization, during the 50 to 60 years of 20th century, the rational comprehensive planning model dominated urban planning. In the 1990s, began to focus on metropolitan globalization and the idea of urban world. Overall of the urban planning theories, emphasizing the urban centralized development was included: the modern city theory, gathered economic theory, the world's city, compact city, transit-oriented development etc. This paper described the theory of concentrated urban development patterns, and then sum up the research and methods. Therefore, it takes spatial syntax to analyze urban spatial morphology. |
