海峽兩岸老人安養機構產業合作之研究

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Title:	海峽兩岸老人安養機構產業合作之研究 A Study of Cross-strait Cooperation on Elderly Care Industry
Authors:	黃明發
Contributors:	國家發展與中國大陸研究所博士班
Keywords:	老人安養海峽兩岸產業合作搭橋專案競合理論 Elderly Care Cross-strait Industrial Cooperation the Bridging Porject Co-opetition theory
Date:	2017
Issue Date:	2017-10-18 13:18:26 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	人口結構老化已經是全球性的議題，台灣如此，中國大陸也不例外。受到「一胎化」政策的影響，中國大陸人口結構近年來快速老化，老人安養的問題引起了官方高度重視。2015年10月中共十八屆五中全會所通過的《中共中央關於國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃的建議》中，即做出了全面開放老人安養市場的決議，希望引進國外資源和鼓勵民間資本投入中國大陸的老人安養事業。兩岸經貿交流經過30多年的互惠互補，相互依存發展已是必然结果。特别是2008年6月以來，兩岸關係實現了歷史性的轉折，中斷近十年的兩會協商得以恢復，兩岸全面直接雙向「三通」基本實現，兩岸經貿交流與合作更加密切，並於2009年底啟動了兩岸產業合作的行動方案－「搭橋專案」。依據兩岸產業合作的既有經驗，本研究將探討海峽兩岸在老人安養產業領域是否有合作空間，以及適當的合作機制為何？據此，本研究聚焦於：台灣現有的安養產業服務模式及技術是否可以平行輸送到中國大陸？海峽兩岸可以採取何種合作模式來提供雙贏的老人安養服務？兩岸老人安養產業合作面對何種阻礙？應該採取那些作為來克服這些阻礙？本文運用競合（Co-opetition）網絡的雙贏關係和新結構經濟學來探討海峽兩岸養護機構合作可能模式，透過立意抽樣和半結構式訪談大綱，分別針對兩岸學者專家、安養產業管理者、和政府主管機關人員進行深度訪談，再融入研究者本人經營安養事業的體驗與心得，歸納出研究發現和相應之建議，作為海峽兩岸政府制定政策和業者投入經營合作的參考，並提出未來研究展望。 Ageing population has become a global issue, Taiwan and China are not exceptional. The population structure in Mainland China has been rapidly become ageing, elder care becomes significantly concerned. The Thirteen Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, passed in the 5th Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee held on October, 2015, proposed to widely open elder care market in order to input foreign resources and local capitals to invest local elder care industries. Economic and trade exchanges across Taiwan Strait since 1990s have been reciprocally complementary and led inevitably to interdependence between Taiwan and Mainland China. The Straits Exchange Foundation and Association for Relations across the Taiwan Straits revived negotiation conference meetings since June, 2008 that opened the door for full and direct “Three Links”and showed a historical turning point of cross-strait relations. From then on, cross-strait relations, economic exchanges and cooperation have dramatically increased. In 2009, “the Bridging Project” was initiated in order to promote substantial cooperation in several industries. Based on these experiences, this study explores the opportunities and constrains of cooperation between cross-strait elder care industry; how to transfer successful experiences of elder care industry in Taiwan into Mainland China; and what kind of model should be adopted in the cooperation between cross-strait elder care industry, etc. This study adopts contextual win-win relations of co-opetition theory and new structure economics to construct cooperative model of elder care industry between two sides of Taiwan Strait. Using on-purpose sampling and semi-structured interview outline, this study interviews scholar on two sides of the Taiwan Strait, managers of elder care industry, and government officials, blending into the resercher’s own experience and knowledge as a manager of elder care industry, tries to figure out relevant fingings and corresponding suggestions for government policy-making and business management on both sides of the strait. In addition, future research prospects were proposed.
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