| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討不同背景的老人長期照護機構照顧服務員之壓力源、壓力因應方式與身心健康的現況，以及其差異情形，並瞭解彼此間的相關性。研究方法採問卷調查法，以大臺市合法立案的老人長照機構工作之照顧服務員為對象，採立意取樣方式進行。研究工具包括「壓力源量表」、「壓力因應方式量表」、「身心健康量表」，採李克特氏五點量表方式評定，與「個人背景變項」等編製成問卷，發放正式樣本數為600份，有效問卷共計590份，有效回收率為98.3%。結果以SPSS for Windows 22.0統計套裝軟體，採用次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差、單因子變異數分析、Scheffe’s事後檢定 、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差相關、多元逐步迴歸等統計方法進行資料處理分析。
一、結論如下：
(一)長照機構照服員的照顧性工作任務和系統性的壓力源包括工作負荷及流程與壓力和情緒呈現顯著正相關。
(二)長照機構照服員壓力因應的問題取向構面和身心健康之不利健康的行為構面呈現顯著正相關。
(三)長照機構照服員壓力源各構面和身心健康各構面皆呈現顯著負相關。
二、建議事項如下：
(ㄧ)對政府相關單位：建議政府透過宣傳管道宣導照顧之服務理念與服務內容，提升照顧服務員專業形象；健全照顧服務支持體系；擴張升遷管道與職涯發展。
(二)對老人長期照護機構：廣編經費提供多元在職教育訓練與學習機會，以提升服務品質。
(三)對照顧服務員本身：鼓勵參與各項在職教育訓練，以充實專業知識，提升照護知識與技能；學習身心放鬆運動及相關技巧，以促進身心健康。
(四)對未來之研究：建議可搭配深度訪談，讓研究結果更能符合需求，且更具參考價值。
The purpose of this study is to examine the stressors, stress coping styles, and physical and mental health of nurse aides in long-term care facilities for the elderly, and the differences and the correlation between them. This study uses the questionnaires survey as the method, and takes the nurse aides in registered long-term care facilities in Taipei as the objects in a way of purposive sampling. The research tools include the "Stressors Scale", the "Stress Coping Styles Scale", the "Physical and Mental Health Scale", Likert Scale five-point scale assessment, and the "Personal Background Variables". The effective number of is 590 out of 600 valid samples. The valid response collection rate is 98.3%. The result of the data of questionnaires is analyzed by using the Statistical Packages of SPSS for Windows 22.0, such as the frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe's post hoc test, independent sample t-test, Pearson product correlation and Multiple stepwise regression.
(A)The results are as follows: (1) The care tasks of the nurse aids in long-term care and systematic stressors, including workloads and processes, are significantly correlated with stress and mood. (2) There is a significant positive correlation of the nurse aids in long-term care between the goal orientation of the stress coping and the facet of the adverse behavior of the physical and mental health. (3) There is a negative correlation of the nurse aids in long-term care between the facets of the stressors and the physical and mental health.
(B)The suggestions are as follows: (1) The government is supposed to construct the reasonable salary conditions of the nurse aids and care service support system so as to enhance the professional image of the nurse aids. (2) The long-term care facilities for the elderly: extensive funding to provide multiple on-the-job education training and learning opportunities to reinforce the quality of the service. (3) The nurse aids aspect: to encourage them to participate in the on-the-job education training to enrich the professional knowledge and skills; learning physical and mental relaxation and related skills to promote physical and mental health. (4) The future of the study: recommendations can be with deeper interviews, for helping the results of the study meet the needs and have more reference values. |
