| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討學齡前幼兒之職業母親的母職角色期望、母職支持行為與其母職效能間之關聯性及預測力。主要採量化研究之問卷調查法及統計套裝軟體SPSS18.0，工具包含「個人背景資料調查表」、「母職角色期望量表」、「母職支持量表」、「母職效能量表」。所採取之樣本以台北市大安區叢集配額抽取6家幼兒園，學齡前幼兒之職業母親為選樣對象。研究者以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步迴歸分析、淨相關及徑路分析等方法進行統計分析。
歸納研究發現如下：
（一）母職角色期望的表現屬中上程度，其中以成就感最高。
（二）母職支持行為的表現屬中上程度，其中以情感性支持最高。
（三）母職效能的表現屬中上程度，其中以母職心理功能最高。
（四）在母職角色期望、母職支持行為與母職效能對基本變項大部分未有差異存在，唯在背景變項婚姻狀況、學歷、照顧兒童人數、健康狀況有差異情形。
（五）母職角色期望、母職支持行為及母職效能有顯著相關。
（六）母職角色期望、母職支持行為可以預測母職效能；職業母親覺知使命感、實踐感及訊息性支持越高其母職效能越高。
（七）排除母職支持行為中介變項，母職角色期望對母職效能有具顯著淨相關。對托育機構與政府相關單位，提出相關具體建議。
This study aims to examine the association of motherhood expectation, motherhood support and motherhood efficacy of career women with preschoolers. The researcher adopts the quantitative survey by using the questionnaire methods with demographic data, motherhood expectation scale, motherhood support scale, and motherhood efficacy scale. The sample was selected from Daan District, Taipei city by using purposed cluster sampling, the subjects were 225 career women from preschools in Da’an District. The statistical analyses were descriptive analysis, t test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, stepwise regression, canonical correlation, partial correlation and path analysis.
The findings are as followed:
1.The scale of motherhood expectation was above medium; achievement subscale was the highest.
2.The scale of motherhood support was above medium; emotional support subscale was the highest.
3.The scale of motherhood efficacy was above medium; motherhood psychological function subscale was the highest.
4.Most of demographic data did not indicate any significance on motherhood expectation, motherhood support and motherhood efficacy, but marital status, academic degree, number of child care and health condition.
5.There was positive correlation existed among motherhood expectation, motherhood support and motherhood efficacy.
6.Motherhood expectation, motherhood support could predict motherhood efficacy with medium degree.
7.Motherhood expectation could predict motherhood efficacy when partialing out motherhood support, which indicated motherhood expectation could explain motherhood efficacy with .349 correlation coefficicy.
The conclusion was made and the suggestions were drawn to career women, preschools and government. |
