過去文獻指出，部分企業將政治關聯視為提升績效之戰略，亦有學者表示政治關聯會對企業績效帶來負面之影響，然而過去研究政治關聯對於企業績效之影響的文獻大多集中在非金融產業，針對金融業之文獻較少。故本文以成本效率之觀點，以2008年至2015年之本國銀行為研究對象，採用隨機邊界法推估政治關聯、公司治理相關變數對銀行成本效率之影響。之後，利用共同隨機邊界法比較金控銀行與非金控銀行成本效率之差異。
本研究發現，首先，政治關聯在金控與非金控銀行中都能發揮其影響力提高銀行效率。其次，董事會規模對於金控與非金控銀行有著不同的影響；至於董事會開會次數越多之銀行，其效率越差；金控銀行之獨立董事增加亦並未提升銀行的效率，反而降低。第三，董事具備不同專業性對金控銀行並未有太大的影響，對非金控銀行則有顯著性的影響。最後研究發現，金融海嘯時期，非金控銀行效率較差；而2010年的歐債危機對金控或非金控銀行都造成了損失；2014年後，金控銀行效率表現漸優於非金控。
There were literature covered a topic that some enterprises utilized political connection as a strategy to enhance performance. Some scholars pointed out that political connection will have a negative impact on corporate performance. However, the past studies concentrated on the impact of political connection on the performance of the non-financial industry, but very few literature on studied about financial industry. Therefore, this paper attempts to use the stochastic frontier approach (SFA) to estimate the impact of variables, political connection and corporate governance, on bank cost efficiency. Also, the differences between the cost efficiency of the financial-holding banks and the independent banks are compared using stochastic metafrontier approach (SMF).
This study found that, first of all, political connection can improve the efficiency of banks in both finance holding banks and independent banks. Second, the study found that the size of the board of directors have different effects on financial holding bank and independent banks. The higher the number of board of directors meetings, the lower is the cost efficiency; the increase in the independent directors of the financial-holding bank has also failed to increase efficiency to banks. Third, the directors with different specialties haven’t impacts on financial holding bank; but have a significant impact on independent banks. Finally, the study found that the independent banks were less efficient during the financial crisis. In 2010, the European debt crisis for financial holding banks or independent banks have caused loss. After 2014, the financial holding bank's efficiency was gradually better than the independent banks.
