| 摘要: | 隨著歐盟成員國的電子電機設備有害物質限用指令RoHS，以及國內環保意識逐漸重視下，無鹵難燃劑之研究日益受到重視。針對逐漸擴大的綠色素材市場，以及急切需求難燃性質的應用，如能開發具有無鹵難燃性之TPU環保料，燃燒時無空污問題，將可結合業者之量產能力拓展新事業，以提升產業競爭力及國際化能力。
本研究使用塑譜儀(Brabender)進行物理混摻，以熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯(Thermoplastic Polyurethanes ,TPU)為基材，添加不同濃度配比(重量百分比wt%)的(Melamine polyphosphate ,MPP)複合難燃劑，製成TPU/MPP難燃性複合材料。
探討不同比例含量的熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯(TPU)/三聚氰胺聚磷酸銨(MPP)的難燃程度(極限需氧指數測試、水平垂直燃燒試驗)，熱性質(TGA、DSC、MI、VST)，形態學(Raman、SEM、FTIR)，機械性質(耐磨耗指數、衝擊強度測試、抗張測試、硬度、密度)，對熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯(TPU)改善和影響的差異程度。
從實驗結果得知，經由LOI與UL-94測試，發現熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯(TPU)/三聚氰胺聚磷酸銨(MPP)複合材料難燃性及易滴垂提升LOI值由24提升至45且UL-94達到V-0等級，而無滴垂之問題；在TGA測試，發現的焦炭殘餘量由2.117wt%上升至30.314wt%，而其機械性質的測試，其韌性降低、剛性及脆性提升、耐磨耗性下降、硬度上升。
People are conscious about the environment protection nowadays. Halogen-free flame retardants received increasing attention in their developments. Once the effective halogen free flame retardants become available, the air pollution problems caused by the fire will be reduced. These products will lead into new business with competitive advantages.
In this study, physical mixing was carried out using a Brabender, and Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPU) were used as substrates to add Melamine Polyphosphate (MPP) at different concentrations (weight%). Composite flame retardant, made of TPU / MPP flame retardant composite materials.
According to studies the content ratio of the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) / melamine polyphosphate (MPP). Flame retardant tests, such as Limiting oxygen index (LOI), Horizontal Vertical Flame Chamber (UL-94)；Thermal Property , such as Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Melt Flow Index (MI), Vicat Softening Temperature (VST)；Morphological Analysis , such as Raman Spectrometer (Raman), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)；Mechanical Property, such as Taber Abrasion Tester (Wear), Pendulum Impact System (Impact), Tensile Testing Machine(Tensile), Shore A Hardness Test (Hardness), Density.
In this study the flame retardant system containing Melamine Polyphosphate compounds at 50 weight% of TPU material passed the flame standard (UL94-V0 test) (LOI 45) without dripping of the molten material. And its Mechanical Property of the test, its toughness decreased, rigidity and brittleness enhance the wear resistance decreased, the hardness increased. |
