本研究旨在探討特殊需求兒童生活自理能力對父母親職壓力方面的影響。本研究採用問卷調查法，以臺北市、新北市及桃園市特殊需求兒童父母為研究母群，立意抽樣方式進行調查，有效樣本共計242份，有效回收率為65.4%。研究使用「兒童生活自理能力量表」及「親職壓力量表」等工具，調查所得資料分別以「描述性統計」、「t考驗」、「單因子變異數分析」、「Pearson’s積差相關」及「逐步多元迴歸分析」等方法加以統計分析，研究結果摘要如下：
一、 特殊需求兒童生活自理能力之狀況屬中上程度，以「穿衣能力」最為突出。
二、 父母親職壓力之現況屬中等程度，以「擔心孩子」較為突出。
三、 年齡及障礙類別是影響特殊需求兒童生活自理能力之重要因素。
四、 障礙類別越多的特殊需求兒童，其父母親職壓力越高。
五、 特殊需求兒童之父親教育程度較低者，其親職壓力較高。
六、 特殊需求兒童之母親未就業、年齡較輕者，其親職壓力較高。
七、 家中總月收入較低、收支情形感到沉重、家中子女數較少的父母親，其親職壓力感受較高。
本研究依據研究結果對特殊需求兒童父母親、服務單位及未來研究分別給予
建議。
關鍵字：特殊需求兒童、生活自理能力、親職壓力
This thesis aims to exam the relation between life skills of special needs children and parenting stress. The subjects are parents of special needs children sampled from Taipei City, New Taipei City and Taoyuan City. The total valid subjects are 242 of 370 samples, and the return rate is 65.4%. The method of this study is survey and researcher quoted “Scale of life skills of children” and “Parenting stress index” as research tools. The statistics methods including frequency, t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were used in data analysis. The results of the study were summarized as follows:
1. The status of life skills of special needs children is above average, with the awareness of “dressing skills” having a higher level.
2. The status of parenting stress among respondents was rated as medium, with the
awareness of “worrying children” having a higher level.
3. The factors that affect the life skills of special needs children including age and
disability categories.
4. The more disability categories special needs children have, the more parenting stress
parents have.
5. Fathers of special needs children with lower education, the higher parenting stress do they have.
6. Mothers of special needs children with non- employment or younger, the higher
parenting stress do they have.
7. Parents with lower monthly income, highly pressed by financial burdens, have less children, the higher parenting stress do they have.
This thesis gives recommendations separately to parents of special needs children, service agencies, and future research.
Keywords: special needs children, life skills and parenting stress
