| 摘要: | 《戰國策》為我國傳統文獻中，相當重要的一部經典，不儘為戰國時代史料的重要參考依據，亦是一部相當具有高度水準的文學作品。對於《戰國策》一書，除劉向「因國別者，略以時次之，分別不以序者以相補」外，歷來的讀者或研究者，鮮有認為，該書具有一個明顯的編排架構。本文試圖透過「結構主義符號學」，對《戰國策》一書中的〈秦策〉，進行拆解與重組，並藉此探索該書〈秦策〉的意表譜系（閱讀架構）與深層意涵。
本文以為，《戰國策‧秦策》，逐篇雖不全依時序安排，但若將閱讀範圍稍加擴大，則能略有「時次」之感，一如本文，將數篇〈秦策〉文章合為「某人事件」，而有張儀、甘茂、魏冉、范雎等「事件」，既不更動《戰國策》文本順序，又符於史實的時序發展。其次，透過符號學方法將〈秦策〉文本予以拆解與重組，或可有「保己伐國」作為〈秦策〉深層意涵的發現，並能有諸如破縱、尊秦、謀己、謀國等次級、再次級（三級）、……等結構。同時，亦能藉此描繪出〈秦策〉在「保己伐國」深意上的意表譜系，而得為〈秦策〉的閱讀架構。
“Zhan Guo Ce” (戰國策) is an important classic among our traditional literature. It is not only an important historic reference for the Warring States Period but also a high-level literature work. Liu Xiang (劉向) arranged chapters in that book “based on different states, and roughly chronically.” Few readers or researchers think that book has a clear editorial framework. This thesis attempts to dismantle and reorganize the ‘Qin Ce’ in “Zhan Guo Ce” through Structural Semiology, and to explore the Signifying Genealogy (reading structure) and it’s deep meaning of ‘Qin Ce.’
Although chapters of ‘Qin Ce’ are not perfectly chronic ordered, this dissertation argues that they are chronic at large. As mentioned in this thesis, for Chang I (張儀), Kan Mao (甘茂), Wei Jan (魏冉), Fan Chu (范雎) and other “events” to combine a number of articles, neither change the “Zhan Guo Ce” articles order, but also in line with the historical facts in the development of the timing. Second, through the Semiology method to dismantle and reorganize the ‘Qin Ce’ text, may let us to find out the deep meaning of “self-preservation and attacking other states.” And it can have such as “to break the horizontal alliance”, “to respect Qin”, “self-preservation” , “to try to occupy other states” and other sub-level, even the sub-level of the sub (thrid-level), ...... and so on. At the same time, it can also be used to depict the reading structure of the ‘Qin Ce.’ |
