脂肪分解酵素與物理處理對於羽絨清洗之應用

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 環境規劃暨生物資源學院 > 農學院 > 生物科技研究所 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/37259

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題名:	脂肪分解酵素與物理處理對於羽絨清洗之應用 The Application of Lipase and Physical Treatment on Feather Down Washing Process
作者:	白崇智
貢獻者:	生物科技研究所
關鍵詞:	羽絨洗滌程序脂肪酶氣泡處理 Feather down washing process Lipase Bubble treatment
日期:	2017
上傳時間:	2017-08-10 10:57:34 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究主要探討脂肪分解酵素添加與氣泡洗滌程序，在羽絨精洗流程中之應用方式，及其對於羽絨精洗後成品性狀之影響。由於羽絨原料毛含有油脂與雜質，氧化與污染可能造成產品異味與清潔度問題，目前現場操作以大量清水及清潔劑來洗滌羽絨，造成大量用水需求，同時也造成水污染之問題。本試驗利用少量脂肪分解酵素添加於洗滌流程中，搭配較低用水量及合適溫度，透過不同添加順序進行洗滌模式優化，以有效降低成本並提升成品品質。第一階段試驗以兩種商用脂肪酶(Novozymes® CALB L 及Lipolase100 L)，於清潔劑洗滌程序前後搭配添加，以高中低三種含脂量之初洗羽絨為原料，測定清洗後之羽絨成品殘留脂肪量，以探討酵素添加時機。第二階段試驗在洗清流程中，再加入氣泡物理洗滌，搭配不同洗滌順序，對三種含脂率原料毛進行洗滌測試，分析其殘餘脂肪酸組成、洗滌損失、蓬鬆度及外觀，以驗證氣泡洗滌對成品性狀之影響。酵素添加特性顯示， Lipolase 100 L 之添加對於長鏈脂肪酸( C14、C18 及C20:1)有較佳作用活性，且其對於羽絨油脂移除之效果較佳。清洗高含脂量（高於3.0％）之羽絨原毛時，先以清潔劑進行第一次洗滌脫水後，再噴灑脂肪分解酵素，在40℃下反應後之洗滌效果較佳，其脂肪移除率可達70%以上。在氣泡洗滌加入後，若於第二次洗清階段使用氣泡處理，對於羽絨洗滌後的性狀損傷最小，且絨朵撐開程度也較佳。全程使用氣泡洗滌雖然對於成品羽絨結構具有最佳之膨化效果，但是洗滌後回收率降低。而在清洗中含脂量(低於3.0%，大於1%)之羽絨原料時，建議可使用Lipolase 100 L 進行添加，其添加順序並不影響洗滌結果。使用氣泡洗滌的時機為第二次水洗時，其能提升低清潔劑濃度下之脂肪移除率，使用氣泡洗滌能提高成品蓬鬆度，並使絨朵狀態較佳。低含脂率羽絨原料(含脂率<1%)洗滌時，因本身含脂率低，不須添加酵素即可達到良好脂肪移除效果。本試驗結果能提供現場對於不同來源之羽絨原料使用時，在洗滌流程上建立符合需求的洗滌流程，提升洗滌效率與成品品質，同時降低成本。 This study attempted to investigate the effect of lipase supplementation and bubble treatment sequences on feather down washing process and product characteristics. The different raw feather down materials contained different levels of contaminants and fat, it resulted in peculiar smell problems under undesirable oxidation. Normal down washing process required large amount of water and detergent, raising a problem of water pollution. This study applied low level lipase with different supplementation sequences under suitable temperature and water loading, trying to find an optimal washing process for reducing the production cost and increasing the product quality. In the first stage, three fat levels feather down were exanimated by two kinds of lipase (Novozymes® CALB L and Lipolase 100 L) with different supplementation sequences in normal washing processes. The residual fat of feather down after each treatment was assayed to determine the effect of lipase loading on the fat removing ability. In the second stage, the bubble treatment was applied on three fat levels feather down washing process. The residual fat, washing loss, product filling power and product appearance of feather down after each treatment was assayed to evaluate the effect of bubble treatment on feather down washing process. The fatty acid analysis result indicated that Lipolase 100 L showed higher affinity on long-chain fatty acid such as C14 (Myristic acid), C18 (Stearic acid) and C20:1 (cis-11-Eicosenpuc acid). Supplementation of lipase at 40℃ in the first detergent washing process after spin dry resulted in the better washing efficiency in high fat feather down materials (fat > 3.0%). The fat removing rate could over 70% under this operation condition. When bubble treatment applied in the second water washing stages, it resulted in the minimal damage of feather down and also bring better product appearance. When washing medium fat feather down materials, the process with Lipolase 100 L supplementation showed better fat removing ability. However, the loading sequence showed no effect on fat removing ability. The bubble treatment should be applied on the second water washing process, it resulted in the better cleaning performance under lower detergent concentration. The bubble treatment also increased the filling power value and feather down performance. Low fat feather down materials showed no need to apply lipase on washing process. This study provided suitable washing process for different fat content feather down material. These washing processes not only reduced water requirement and also increased the product appearance.
顯示於類別:	[生物科技研究所 ] 博碩士論文

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