近年來我國高齡化現象的趨勢日趨明顯，政府為因應此趨勢著手解決並提出因應對策，以提供高齡者一個友善居住的環境。為此，本研究目的為建立衡量高齡友善居住環境架構與其評估指標，並分別取得專家學者與高齡者對高齡友善居住環境認知，從中分析與了解評估指標之效力。據此，本研究藉世界衛生組織(WHO)所提出的全球高齡友善城市指南與其他諸多相關研究為基礎，擬定高齡友善居住環境之架構與其評估指標，並發放以層級分析法(AHP)所設計的專家問卷與高齡者問卷來取得高齡友善居住環境評估指標的重要性排序。根據研究結果顯示，高齡友善居住環境包含公共空間、交通運輸、社區照護3個構面與其14項評估指標。在專家學者的認知中，構面的重要性依序為交通運輸、公共空間、社區照護構面；高齡者的認知則依序為公共空間、交通運輸、社區照護構面。上述結果顯示專家學者較重視「行」之友善性與便利性；高齡者則以公共空間最符合所需。話雖如此，「社區與健康服務」及「復康巴士接送」兩項評估指標獲得專家學者與高齡者一致性共識。
In recent years, aging phenomenon is getting more and more obvious in Taiwan. In respond to this tendency, the government begins to announce policies to provide elders a friendly living environment. However, the extent to which these policies satisfy elders’ needs and wants has been a heating debate and a conclusion has not been reached. As a consequence, this research intends to establish an elevation framework with indicators to measure the friendliness quality of a living environment. Moreover, this research tests the framework by asking professionals and elders to ensure its usefulness in respond to elders’ needs and wants. Thus, this research began with reviewing the World Health Organization publication: The Global strategy and action plan on ageing and health, and other literatures and research results. In doing so, this research organized issues of aging society in relation to living environment and established an evaluation framework with indicators. The results showed there were fourteen indicators which can be categorized into three dimensions. The indicators were therefore sent to selected professional with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to weight each indicator, and, at the same time, designed into a questionnaire to survey elders in Taipei. The professionals’ responses showed that transportation is the most important dimension amongst the three, following by public space and community care, but the questionnaire survey of elders showed public space is the most important one ahead of transportation and community care. Nonetheless, indicators of “community and health service” and “disability bus service” are recognized by both professionals and elders.
