春秋戰國時代在政治、經濟、社會等方面都開始出現許多轉變，而且教育也不再被貴族所獨占，遂造成貴族與平民之間的距離被拉近許多，這些因素使得許多平民開始尋找自己的出路，實現自己的理想與抱負。這些士人若無法在自己的國家找到發展的機會，開始向其它的國家尋求機會，然而到了其它國家自己就成為了「客」；若是有在其它國家做官的機會，就成為了「客卿」。
「客」與「客卿」為了想要得到國君的重用，遂提出了許多想法，並且把這些想法化為理論。使得春秋戰國時代出現了許多不同的學術思想。這些學術思想不但讓春秋戰國時代成為中國歷史上學術思想最蓬勃發展的時代，同時這些學術思想對於之後的中國歷史發展也有很深的影響。「客」與「客卿」在學術思想上的貢獻及成就相當值得我們注意的。
本文將針對「客」與「客卿」的形成原因、影響，以及他們在各方面的表現加以討論，以期更加認識「客」與「客卿」的背景及對時代所帶來的衝擊及影響。
The Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time in aspects and so on politics, economy, society all starts to appear many transformations, moreover educates no longer is also monopolized by the aristocrat, then creates between the aristocrat and common people's distance is pulled closer many, these factors cause many common people to start to seek own outlet, realizes own ideal and the aspiration.If these gentleman person is unable in own country to find the development the opportunity, starts to seek the opportunity to other countries, however arrived other country to become “the guest”; If has the opportunity which serves as an official in other countries, has become “the non-native official invited to serve at court”.
“Guest” and “non-native official invited to serve at court” in order to want to obtain monarch's entrusting with heavy responsibility, then proposed many ideas, and changes into these ideas the theory.Caused the Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time to appear many different academic thought.Not only these academic thought enable the Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time to become in the Chinese history the academic thought most vigorous development time, simultaneously these academic thought also have the very deep influence regarding after China historical development.“The guest” and “the non-native official invited to serve at court” quite is worth us in the academic thought contribution and the achievement paying attention.
This article will aim at “the guest” and “the non-native official invited to serve at court” the formation reason, the influence, as well as they will discuss in various aspects performance, by the time even more knew “guest” and “non-native official invited to serve at court” the background and the impact and the influence which will bring to the time.
