| 摘要: | 本研究之目的在於探討母親飲食教養方式、學前兒童飲食行為與兒童體型、相關 因素(兒童性別、母親教育程度、母親就業狀況、家庭社經地位)的關係，以及兒童飲食行為 與母親飲食教養方式之關係。研究採立意抽樣法，選取臺北市18所幼稚園的148名肥胖兒童， 以及296名正常體重兒童之母親為受試對象，以研究者自編之問卷進行調查。結果發現:(1) 正常體重兒童的母親比肥胖兒童的母親在飲食教養方式上具有較高的放任性，而在民主關懷 性與專制權威性上無顯著差異。(2)二因子變異數分析結果顯示，不同體型的學前兒童其母親 飲食教養方式均不因子女的性別而異，但是可能因母親之教育程度、就業狀況或家庭社經地 位之不同而有差異。(3)正常體重兒童比肥胖兒童對熱量較低或營養較均衡的食物之喜好性較 高，但攝取頻率無顯著差異。(4)母親飲食教養方式之民主關懷性與專制權威性愈高，子女對 較低熱量或營養較均衡的食物之攝取頻率愈高，而對高熱量或空熱量食物之攝取頻率愈低; 母親飲食教養方式之放任性愈高，其子女對高熱量或空熱量食物之攝取頻率愈高。
This study investigated the relationship between mother's food related parenting style and body shape and eating behaviors of preschool children. 444 mothers of preschool children (148 obese, 296 normal body weight) from 18 nursery schools in Taipei participated in this study, and completed self-administered food-related parenting questionnaire. The preference and intake frequencies of low-calorie or higher nutrient density foods (Group A) and high-calorie or low nutrient density foods (Group B) of preschoolers were reported by their mothers. The results indicate that mothers of normal weight children (NW) scored higher in the permissive dimension, but no significant difference in the concern and authoritarian dimensions as compared with mothers of obese children (OB). A two-way analysis of variance was used to assess difference in parenting styles by body shape of children, gender of children, and education level of mother, or socioeconomic status of family. Significant interaction existed between body shape of children and education level of mother, between body shape of children and socioeconomic status of family, but not between body shape of children and gender of children. There is no significant difference between NW and OB regarding their intake of group A foods, but NW has higher preference to group A foods than OB. The intake frequencies of group A and B foods by preschoolers are related to the food-related parenting styles of mothers. |
