本研究之主要目的是在探討親子溝通、父母管教方式與青少年性態度之相關性。 研究母群以高雄市公立國中二年級學生為主，採隨機抽樣的方式選取十個國民中學，各一個 班級為施測對象，共計 400 名， 扣除無效樣本後，可得有效問卷 392 份 (98 ％ )，其中 男生 192 名，女生 200 名。利用「親子溝通量表」、「父母管教方式量表」、「性態度量 表」及「個人背景資料量表」為測量工具。施測所得資料以次數分配、平均值、t 考驗、單 因子變異數分析、Scheffe 事後比較及積差相關等統計方法加以分析。 主要結果包括：(1) 青少年與父母間之親子溝通情形屬於中立狀況。(2) 父母管教方式主要以「開明權威型」及 「忽略冷漠型」為主，其次依序為「自由放任型」及「專制權威型」。此外，父母對子女之 管教情形仍是「要求」多於「反應」。(3) 青少年之性態度傾向於正向積極，且會因「性別 」之不同而有差異存在。(4) 青少年性態度會因「父母教育程度」之不同而有差異存在。父 母教育程度愈高，則青少年性態度愈傾向於正向積極。在「兄弟姊妹性別」方面，「只有我 是男生」者的性態度最負向消極，「只有我是女生」者最正向積極。(5) 親子溝通狀況愈傾 向於開放式溝通，則青少年性態度愈正向積極。(6) 父母管教方式為「開明權威型」者，青 少年性態度最正向積極， 父母管教方式為「忽略冷漠型」者， 青少年性態度最負向消極。 (7) 青少年性態度與「親子溝通」 (母親 )、「父母管教方式」、「性別」以及「父母教育 程度」間有相關性存在。根據上述之研究結果，建議家庭應採取開放式的親子溝通，父母應 採用開明權威型的管教方式，並充實個人之性知識。學校應加強教師性教育教學的專業能力 ，強化與家長間的連繫。政府應促進親職教育及兩性教育之落實與立法。
The purpose of this study was to identify adolescents' sexual attitudes and relevant including personal and situational factors. The factors considered including personal characteristics, parent-child communication, parenting styles, and adolescents' attitudes. The model of factors having potential influence on adolescents' attitudes was developed. The procedure used a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire to collect data for this study. The population was 8th grade students during the school year 1995-1996 in Kaohsiung Taiwan. 392(98%) students completed the questionnaires with valid responses, therefore, self selection error was minimal. There were 200 female students and 192 male students. The Statistical Analysis System(SAS) was used to analyze the data. Statistical analyses used in this study included descriptive statistics, and analyses of variance.The results of this studies were: (1) 「 Neutral-positive 」 communications occurred between adolescents and parents. Adolescent who had better communication with parents had a more positive view of sexual attitudes. (2) The majority of parenting style is authoritative style. Adolescents who had authoritative parents were more positive in their sexual attitudes; adolescents who had neglecting and indulgent parents had more negative sexual attitudes. (3) Female students had a more positive sexual attitude than male students.The implications of these results indicated that situational factors (parent-child communication, parenting styles), and personal characteristics are likely to influence adolescents' sexual attitudes. Adolescents who had authoritative parents had more positive sexual attitudes than those of the other three parenting styles. Promoting sexuality education in the family and in the school system should be advocated.
