| 摘要: | 低碳經濟於2003年首度在英國能源政策文件中提出，在目前全球面臨能源缺乏、全球暖化、經濟不振的環境中，低碳經濟之論述與執行受到全球重視。本文除說明低碳經濟概念之形成，內涵與推廣之外，並以中國大陸與台灣目前推動低碳經濟之現況：分別就（1）政策與法制（2）減排目標（3）政策工具（4）推動方案等，加以比較分析其優劣勢。中國一黨主政，政策決定有效率，節能減排對國內、外均有具體的戰略目標，但地方政策之實施有落差。而台灣實施節能減碳的戰略目標不明確，對於溫室氣體之減量，多強調目標與期程，卻不討論減量成本。台灣民主制度成熟，為了選票考量，對於有效之經濟工具如碳稅等，不容易獲得民意機構之同意，影響減量之執行效率。本文最後就兩岸低碳經濟未來合作展望提出具體建議。
The term low-carbon economy was first put forward in a British energy policy document in 2003. In a world currently facing energy shortages, global warming, and sluggish economies, discussion and implementation of low-carbon economies are receiving worldwide attention. This study, in addition to describing the formation, rationale, and promotion of the low-carbon economy concept, also presents a comparative analysis of the current promotion of low-carbon economies in mainland China and Taiwan in terms of the strengths and weaknesses of their respective (1) policies and legal systems, (2) emission reduction targets, (3) reform tools, and (4) promotion programs. In China, with one-party rule, policy decisions are efficient, and energy conservation has specific strategic objectives both at home and abroad; however, there is a gap in local implementation of policies.Taiwan's implementation of energy-saving and carbon reduction strategy objectives is not as specific,with more emphasis on targets and timetables for greenhouse gas reduction and less discussion the reductioncosts. With the mature democratic system in Taiwan, due to ballot considerations, it is not easy to obtain the consent of the elected bodies for effective economic instruments such a carbon tax, impacting the effectiveness of carbon reduction implementation. Finally, specific suggestions are made regarding prospects for cross-straits low-carbon economy cooperation in the future. |
