| 摘要: | 歐洲聯盟是由歐洲共同體（及歐洲原子能組織、共同外交與安全政策、刑事案件之警政與司法合作）等三大支柱，即歐洲聯盟的屋頂所組成。長久以來，相對於第一支柱底下與勞力、商品、資金及服務等四項流通自由有關的各項政策，如關稅同盟、單一市場、共同農業政策、共同漁業政策、單一貨幣、申根條約及第二支柱的共同外交及安全政策，第三支柱的警政與司法合作則是比較不爲人所熟知的部分。隨著歐盟的日漸東擴，在總人口及成員國數目上急劇地增加，刑事案件之警政與司法合作的議題也逐漸在歐盟內部獲得重視，特別是在恐怖活動日益猖獗的21世紀，歐盟各成員國在警政及司法合作範疇的關係也更爲緊密。本文首先是對於此一部分在歐盟各項條約之地位作一簡要說明；再者，則是對於其於歐洲聯盟條約中之有關規定，特別是歐盟所屬機關所具有之相關權限加以說明；第三部份（第四章至第六章），一方面是對於其在歐盟歷史上之演變發展過程進行回顧，另一方面則是針對警政與司法合作之最新發展狀況及所面臨的困境加以論述；本文的最後部份則是在探討歐洲拘捕令架構決議及其轉化成成員國內國法之問題，關於此一部份，主要是以德國的歐洲拘捕令法及德國聯邦憲法法院的判決爲討論對象。
The European Union is organized by the three pillars structure, i.e., the so-called roof of the European Union, which include European Community, European Atomic Energy Community, The Common Foreign and Security Policy and Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters. In comparison with the free circulation policies concerning the labor, commodity, finance and service under the first pillar structure, such as customs union, single market, common agriculture policy and common fisheries policy, as well as the common foreign and security policy under the second pillar structure, the police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters under the third pillar structure is less familiar to people. With the gradual expansion of the European Union to the East, the population and the number of the member states rose rapidly. Topics concerning the police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters gradually receive attention inside the European Union. Particularly, in this 21st century in which terrorism run wild day by day, the police and judicial cooperation among the member states of the European Union become much closer. This article firstly will give a brief explanation with regard to the position of the said cooperation under various treaties of the European Union. Secondly, it will touch the relevant provisions of the above-mentioned treaties, especially the provisions concerning the limits of authority of the organizations governed by the European Union. Thirdly (Chapter 4-6), it will on the one hand take a review on the development of the said cooperation in the history of European Union and, on the other hand focus on the latest development of and the difficulties faced by the said cooperation. The last part of article is focused on Framework Decision on the European arrest warrant and its implementation into domestic law of Member State. In this connection, Discussion of the material comes mainly from the European arrest warrant law of Germany and Decision of the German Federal Constitutional Court. |
