| 摘要: | 國外研究指出臉書的過度使用導致成癮情形，已經產生負面影響。反觀國內相關研究仍屬有限，更彰顯本研究的必要性與價值性。故本研究旨在探討大臺北地區成年人臉書成癮與寂寞感之現況及關係，並探討不同背景變項的大臺北地區成年人在臉書成癮與寂寞感上的差異；以及分析大臺北地區成年人在臉書成癮與寂寞感的相關情形；最後，分析大臺北地區成年人的背景變項與臉書成癮對寂寞感之解釋力。
本研究採問卷調查法，以大臺北地區成年人為研究對象，進行立意取樣與滾雪球式取樣，得有效問卷642份。量表內容共分為：「個人背景資料調查表」、「臉書成癮量表」與「中文版寂寞感量表」三部分，並採取描述性統計分析、單一樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、強迫進入多元迴歸法。本研究結果如下：
一、「臉書成癮」之平均得分為1.90分，顯著低於理論中點(2.5分)，顯示受試者臉書成癮傾向於「低度」程度。
二、「寂寞感」之平均得分為2.26分，顯著低於理論中點(2.5分)，顯示受試者寂寞感感受屬於「低度」程度，其中社會性寂寞平均得分為2.15分、情緒性寂寞平均得分為2.39分。
三、大臺北地區成年人之「年齡」、「婚姻狀況」、「每月平均收入」在臉書成癮上達顯著差異，20~24歲男性的「臉書成癮」顯著高於 45~49歲、50~64歲的大臺北地區成年人；未婚者的「臉書成癮」、「行為迷網」、「徵兆強化」的情形高於已婚者；每月平均收入為20,008元以下之大臺北地區成年人的「臉書成癮」、「行為迷網」程度，顯著高於每月平均收入為40,777元以上的大臺北地區成年人。
四、大臺北地區成年人之「性別」、「教育程度」在寂寞感上達顯著差異，大臺北地區成年人，男性的「寂寞感」感受高於女性；男性在「社會性寂寞感」感受上大於女性；大臺北地區高中畢業（含）以下較大學（專）畢業的成年人「寂寞感」感受深。
五、「臉書成癮」與「寂寞感」達顯著正相關，表示大臺北地區成年人的臉書成癮量表上之得分愈高，則「寂寞感」感受愈深。
六、大臺北地區成年人「男性」、「年齡」、「臉書成癮」對「寂寞感」有顯著之解釋力，累積解釋變異量為3.8%。
七、大臺北地區成年人「男性」、「年齡」對「社會性寂寞」有顯著之解釋力，累積解釋變異量為 3.9%。
八、大臺北地區成年人「未婚」、「臉書成癮」對「情緒性寂寞」有顯著之解釋力，累積解釋變異量為 10.2%。
根據結果，建議成年人，多留些時間陪陪家人，良好的家人關係，能緩解的情緒性的寂寞。另外，多參與面對面有溫度的人際互動，並規劃良好休閒活動，尤其是單身者能事先預防臉書成癮現象，以減低社會性的寂寞感。
Foreign studies indicate the excessive use of Facebook leads to addiction situation and has a negative impact. On the other hand, domestic research is still limited, but it also demonstrates the necessity and value of this research. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship and the current situation between Facebook addiction and loneliness of Greater Taipei Area adults, and to investigate the differences in adults’ background variables in Facebook addiction and loneliness, the correlation between adults’ Facebook addiction and loneliness, as well as Greater Taipei Area adults’ background variables and Facebook addiction to explain loneliness.
This study adopted questionnaire to Greater Taipei Area adults, conducted purposive sampling and snowball sampling to obtain 642 valid questionnaire copies. The results are as follows:
1. The average score of "Facebook addiction" is 1.90, significantly lower than the theoretical midpoint (2.5 points). The result shows the subjects' Facebook addiction tends to be "low" level.
2. The average score of the "loneliness" is 2.26, significantly lower than the theoretical midpoint (2.5 points). The result shows the subjects' loneliness tends to be "low" level. The average score of social loneliness is 2.15. The average score of emotional loneliness is 2.39.
3. "Age", "marital status" and "average monthly income" make
significant differences in Facebook addiction of Greater Taipei Area adults. The 20 to 24 year-old males have higher Facebook addiction in comparison with the 45 to 49 year-old and 50 to 64 year-old adults. The single adults in Greater Taipei Area have higher "Facebook addiction"、"acts of internet addition", and "enhanced symptoms of internet addition" in comparison with the married ones. The adults in Greater Taipei Area with average monthly income of NTD 20,008 have higher "Facebook addiction" than the ones with the average monthly income of more than NTD 40,777.
4. "Gender" and "education" of the adults in Greater Taipei Area make significant differences in loneliness. The males in Greater Taipei Area have higher "loneliness" in comparison with the females. The males in Greater Taipei Area have higher "social loneliness" in comparison with the females ones. The adults who graduated from high schools have higher "loneliness" in comparison with adults who graduated from the universities.
5. "Facebook addiction" and "loneliness" show positive correlation.
6. "Male", "age" and "Facebook addiction" account for 3.8% of variance in loneliness of the adults in Greater Taipei Area.
7. "Male" and "age" account for 3.9% of variance in social loneliness of the adults in Greater Taipei Area.
8. "Single adults" and "Facebook addiction" account for 10.2% of variance in emotional loneliness of the adults in Greater Taipei Area.
Based on the findings of this study, adults are recommended to spend more time with their families. With good social relationship, adults can reduce emotional loneliness. Besides, adults are recommended to have more face to face interaction with people, and well-planned leisure activities to reduce loneliness. Especially single adults should prevent Facebook addiction in advance to reduce emotional loneliness. |
