| 摘要: | 格溫多琳‧布魯克斯(Gwendolyn Brooks)是一名歷史上留名的非裔美國作家、老師和社會觀察家。她也是首位得到普立茲獎(Pulitzer Prize)的偉大黑人作家。她擅長觀察社會中美國黑人生活圈裡的大大小小事情。從美國黑人的人權，參政權，黑人社區的情感交流和連結，黑人的自我認同感，甚至是生活習慣等等，然後把自身的觀察化為文字和詩作表達於其中。她的作品千變萬化產量又多，其中“We real cool”更是一絕，短短的二十多個字就刻劃出黑人的獨特生活方式，內心情感和無奈。此首詩是認識格溫多琳不可以不讀的入門磚之一。
本論文會以精神(spirit)來作為貫穿全文的關鍵字。由於一個社會群體上會有很多面相，從每個不同的角度觀察不同的面相牽涉到解析又不一樣。因此精神和人性、人的行為的關聯性最大，所包含的範圍也最廣，是此論文廣析中的最根本之根基面，也是最好的解釋之一。
本文選取兩首格溫多琳的精采詩作，窺探這個偉大詩人筆下黑人心理層面上的認同感，還有生活習慣，甚至自我反省的機制，進一步挖掘和探討美國黑人在多種族文化的美國裡生活。其孕育出的內心觀點，同儕影響，和外在生活環境所造就的美國黑人文化和精神。
Gwendolyn Brooks was a notable African-American writer, teacher and social observer. She was also the first great black writer who won the Pulitzer Prize. She was good at heeding the important but trivial affairs in the African-American circle. Things included black human rights, suffrage, black unity, racial reciprocation, black self-identification, black customs, and so on. She converted her observation into literary and poetic expression. She had multitudinous and various writings. The poem “We real cool” is one of the most significant ones. It depicts the unique black lifestyle, sentiment, and helplessness in less than thirty words. It is a must-read introductory literature for understanding Brooks.
This thesis employs the word “spirit” as the key word to go through the entire analysis. There are multidimensional aspects in one social group; which involves discrepant analyses from different viewpoints and different backgrounds. Spirit has the closest relationship with humanity and human behaviorism. It contains the widest ranges as well. It is the pivot in the large-scale dissection and the most specific explanation.
This thesis explores two wonderful poems from a series of Brooks’ impressive masterpieces. In terms of the poet’s view, we can look through the black characterizations about the sense of belonging, habits, or introspection. We can further dig and discuss the African-American’s life in the multiracial America, peek into the American black culture and spirit from the black psychology, peer interplaying, and the outside environment. |
