| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討保母氣質與嬰幼兒氣質的相關性，研究目的包括：一、瞭解保母氣質和嬰幼兒氣質之現況，二、探討不同個人及家庭背景變項的保母在保母氣質上的差異，三、探討不同個人背景變項的嬰兒在嬰兒氣質上的差異，四、探討保母氣質與嬰幼兒氣質的相關性。
本研究採量化橫斷性的設計，依據文獻發展研究架構，以結構性問卷收集資料；研究對象為「中華民國保母策進會」士林區居家托育服務中心的一般保母和親屬保母，總共發出537份問卷，回收保母有效問卷431份，嬰幼兒有效問卷431份。測量工具包括：「基本資料調查」、「保母氣質量表」及「嬰幼兒氣質量表」。統計分析使用SPSS21.0，包括卡方檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析和皮爾森積差相關分析法。
本研究發現：在保母樣本方面：1.不同年齡之保母在九項氣質中的規律性、適應度、敏感度、情緒本質和注意力集中五項達顯著差異；2.不同婚姻狀況之保母在九項氣質中的規律性、敏感度、情緒本質和注意力集中四項達顯著差異；3.不同子女數之保母在九項氣質中的規律性和情緒本質二項達顯著差異；4.不同托育年資之保母在九項氣質中的規律性和堅持度二項達顯著差異；5.不同托育人數之保母在九項氣質中的規律性和堅持度二項達顯著差異；6.不同保母證照狀況之保母在九項氣質中的規律性一項達顯著差異。在嬰幼兒樣本方面，不同年齡之嬰幼兒在九項氣質中的情緒本質、堅持度二項達顯著差異。另外，九項保母氣質與九項嬰幼兒氣質次量表的相關分析結果顯示：部分的次量表達統計上顯著的相關。
A Study on the Relationship between Babysitter Temperament and Infant Temperament
Abstract
This study aimed at exploring the relationship between babysitter and infant temperaments. It had a fourfold purpose: first to know the current states of both babysitter and infant temperaments, second to examine the differences in babysitter temperament by their demographic and familial characteristics, third to examine the differences in infant temperament by their demographic characteristics, and fourth to explore the correlation between the two types of temperaments.
This research was quantitative in nature with a cross-sectional design. A structured questionnaire with sound validity and reliability was administered to a group of babysitters who attended training courses provided by the Nanny Association, Taiwan. The questionnaire included items on demographic and familial characteristics of babysitters and one standardized scale on infant temperament and one constructed scale on babysitter temperament. A total of 537 babysitters agreed to fill out the questionnaire and 431 of them completed. Independent t tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient tests were employed to examine the relationship between variables under considerations, using IBM-SPSS21.0.
The findings of this study are presented as follows:
First, there were significant differences in the average scores for the babysitter temperament subscales by their ages, including regularity, adjustment, reactivity, emotion, and distractibility. Second, a similar result was also found in those subscales except adjustment for babysitter marital status. Third, differences were found in the average scores for the two scales, regularity and emotion, by the number of children babysitters had. Fourth, differences were found in the average scores for the two scales, regularity and persistence by the years of providing care. Fifth, the result , similar to previous one were also found for the number of infants cared for by babysitters. Sixth, difference was found in the average scores for regularity by babysitters either with licenses or with certificates. No differences were found in the nine subscales by babysitter education or whether they were relative caregivers or not. This finding of no significance may also be applied to infant age and gender. Seventh, the results from Pearson’s coefficient analyses indicated that some of the subscales of the two types of temperaments were significantly correlated.
Finally, implications were drawn from afore-mentioned findings for the policies by welfare department, services by home baby care service centers, caregiving practices by babysitters, and child care by infant parents. |
