| 摘要: | 心理自助書籍的數量日益增長，讀者們更是趨之若鶩，但是心理專業工作者甚至整個華人心理學領域對其的關注與了解都非常有限，因而催生了本研究。本研究的主要研究目的一是深入分析心理自助書籍的寫作風格，二是對其內容的科學性以及倫理性進行評估。本研究的主要研究對象選取為台灣最暢銷心理自助書籍六本。研究以質性文本分析為主，輔以指南檢核表以及APA倫理守則五點量表進行評定。為增進本研究研究效度，邀請兩位協同研究者透過協商討論，共同參與文本內容評估。研究結果有：1. 心理自助書籍的寫作風格可以歸納為三部分：一為吸引讀者，就好比在邀请他人做客时形容自己的家的美丽会用「舍南舍北皆春水，但見群鷗日日來」一样，採取了包括清晰表達主題，傳遞其效用價值以及書籍特色的方式。二為留住讀者，「與君歌一曲，請君為我傾耳聽」，採取包括通俗易懂的行文方式，貼近讀者的情感傳達，多元互動的方式。通俗易懂的行文方式又包括語言使用的平易近人，大量運用故事以及圖表輔助表達的方式。貼近讀者則是通過同理、自我揭露以及營造同在的感覺來完成。多元互動則可歸納為科技的運用以及互動方式的多樣性。三是改變讀者，「隨風潛入夜，潤物細無聲」，除對讀者的鼓勵外，另採用專業指導或人生信念分享（依不同的作者背景而有差異）。其中專業指導又有四種不同的方式，包括經過實驗論證的結論，心理學知識的傳遞，專業論述以及具體的方法指導。2. 大多數心理自助書籍的科學性不足，包括缺乏具體的指導方法以及缺乏實證研究作為論證基礎。3. 倫理守則評分結果顯示，所有心理自助書籍皆能符合倫理守則，但仍有誇張宣傳與存在潛在傷害上的問題。最後，根據上述研究結果，本研究提供寫作者與讀者一些建議。
The publication and use of psychological self-help books become more and more ubiquitous these years. Nevertheless, these books could cause potential hurt to readers, such as giving wrong information or causing self- dispreciation. For this reason, this study was conducted. A qualitative method was used to analyze the writing styles of psychological self-help books. Two instruments were used to assess the degree to which they meet both scientific and ethical standards. In this study, six Taiwan bestselling books (published between 2010-2016) were chosen and analyzed. The main findings are as follows. 1. Psychological self-help books have three main writing styles. Firstly, keeping attractive to readers, which means writers would spend all the efforts to help readers have a clear grasp of the main theme of this books, including this book’s value and unique feature. Secondly, maintaining readers’ interest in books. To achieve this goal, psychological self-help books are always easy to read and understand, contain a mass of stories and not only words, but also pictures. Writers also use skills of empathy, self-disclosure and creating an atmosphere of universality to get close to all the readers. Psychological self-help books also have more science and technology to establish multiple interactions with readers. Thirdly, be effective to change readers. All the writers encourage readers’ changes. But, writers who have psychological backgrounds make a difference from those who don’t. The former one will share specialized theories, empirical study findings, interpretations and concrete operation methods, the latter one only share own life faith and beliefs. 2. Most psychological self-help books are not based on empirical studies and lack of operational guide and steps. 3. In the ethicality, all the psychological self-help books got a higher average score of 4.38(5-point scale), but they also have the problems of inappropriate propaganda and also have the possibility to bring potential hurt to readers. At the end, several recommendations for writers and readers are suggested. |
