| 摘要: | 一個企業的組織型態與企業領導的型態需有相當的緊密度，領導者要如何利用何種組織型態，使組織發揮最大潛能、提升生產力，為公司帶來最大的利益則愈顯重要。而從古至今，所有的組織型態追溯至源頭，可以發現皆由「官僚型組織」經過不斷的改良、進化演進至今有多元的組織型態。因此從各種組織型態裡，皆能發現有官僚型組織的蹤跡。而主管難為，難在人可「領導」，卻難以「管理」。主管必須要分配資源、整合團隊而且要能承上啟下。身為主管，要在事情一致性與人的個別差異間，去取得平衡。企業若想提升經營的績效，就必須強調企業文化的重要性；企業文化不僅提供領導者及員工向他人溝通其價值時所採用的象徵意義，也可使員工對於工作產生信心與承諾。故組織內，「人」是所有資源的運用者，因次企業文化逐漸為經營管理者關心與重視，並在管理上扮演重要角色，甚至影響公司整體績效。因此本研究將針官僚型組織型態裡的「行政制度」、「人員行為」、「企業文化」的官僚程度，透過領導型態變數之影響，使其組織績效的變化為何?期本研究能嚴峻的競爭環境下，提供給需要組織再造及領導型態轉變的企業。
本研究以中小企業為探討對象，以問卷調查方式，採用SPSS統計視窗軟體作為統計分析之工具，針對樣本資料使用之研究方法如：因素分析、信度分析、描述性統計、t檢定分析、單音子變異數分析與回歸分析的方法，探討官僚型組織、領導型態與組織績效的影響。經文獻探討、問卷設計與分析後，本研究得到的結論如下：
一、行政制度官僚化程度對組織績效有正向的影響。
二、人員行為官僚化程度對組織績效有負向的影響。
三、企業文化官僚化程度對組織績效有正向的影響。
四、轉換型領導對組織績效有正向的影響。
五、交易型領導對組織績效有正向的影響。
A type of organization and business leaders patterns enterprises need considerable tightness, leaders how to take advantage of what type of organization, enabling organizations to maximize their potential, improve productivity, and bring the greatest benefit is more and more important . And since ancient times, all the organizational patterns traced back to the source, it can be found rests "bureaucratic organization" through continuous improvement, the evolution of evolution so far pluralistic organization patterns. Therefore, from the patterns in a variety of organizations, able to find traces of bureaucratic organization. The director can not do anything, people can be difficult in the "Leadership", it is difficult to "manage." Supervisors must be allocated resources, but also to be able to integrate the team nexus. As a supervisor, to inter-individual differences in the consistency of things with people, to strike a balance. To enhance the operational performance of the enterprise, we must emphasize the mportance of corporate culture; corporate culture not only symbolic significance when leaders and employees to communicate its value to others employed, also allows employees to have confidence in and commitment to work. Therefore, within the organization, "person" who is using all resources, corporate culture gradually dimensionless managers care and attention, and play an important role in the management, and even affect the company's overall performance. Therefore, this study will pin bureaucratic organization patterns in the "administrative system", "staff behavior" bureaucratic level "corporate culture", and through the influence of leadership style variables to change organizational performance Why? This study of energy tough competitive environment, the need to provide leadership patterns change and reorganization of the enterprise. |
