高等教育機構共享價值發展策略之研究 -運用系統思考觀點

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题名:	高等教育機構共享價值發展策略之研究 -運用系統思考觀點 A Research on the Strategies for Developing Shared Values for Higher Education Institutions from the Perspective of Systems Thinking
作者:	洪千惠
贡献者:	國際企業管理學系碩士在職專班
关键词:	高等教育競爭策略共享價值系統思考系統基模 higher education competition strategy shared value systems thinking systems archetypes
日期:	2016-05
上传时间:	2016-08-10 10:38:38 (UTC+8)
摘要:	適逢於以知識經濟為發展核心的21世紀，掣肘國家經濟發展動能的兩項關鍵指標，分別為「創新」與「優質的人力資本」，再再凸顯一國的知識生產品質、知識進步程度暨知識創新能力愈高，則該國的經濟發展實力愈是堅實；顯見，高等教育機構位居國家培育優質人力資本、發展創新之要津。　盱衡我國高等教育政策近年來轉變急遽，多數之高等教育機構為了因應校際間的招生競爭，辦學思維往往被當下競爭態勢所牽制，於是逐漸引發高等教育價值流失與定位不明等現象；反而忽略了教育的價值應位於機構運作的核心而非邊緣，高等教育機構的成就，必須與社會進步重新聯結起來，透過共享價值發展的策略思維，反思高等教育的存在目的，以取代褊狹地競爭觀點，乃為本文之主旨精神。　　本研究擇定104至105年度教學卓越計畫核定名單中的4所大學，作為研究個案的研究對象，主要以麥克•波特（Michael E. Porter）「創造共享價值」（Creating shared value）的觀點作為理論底蘊，並運用美國麻省理工學院（MIT）之系統思考（Systems Thinking）觀點進行策略分析，旨在探討高等教育機構如何運用創造共享價值的策略性思維，加速發展高等教育機構的共享價值鏈，以擴大教育與社會之間的總價值。　本研究之結果臚列如下：一、價值創造為高等教育機構存在的核心關鍵。二、發展共享價值策略能為高等教育機構創造成長優勢。三、運用系統思考觀點建構因果回饋環路圖，能先行推演可能之策略成果，以降低決策錯誤之風險。四、高等教育機構共享價值發展策略之定位，取決於各機構價值鏈中價值元素的設計與組成。 In the twenty-first century, knowledge economy typically serves as the core of economic developments, making “innovation” and “high-quality human capitals” the two key indicators that boost the growth of a nation’s economy. Thus, nations with a superior knowledge quality, advanced progress in knowledge generation, and strong knowledge innovation capability are representatives of nations with a solid economic power. Therefore, higher education institutions are pivotal to the cultivation of excellent human capitals and the development of an innovation foundation. 　In light of the recent drastic changes to Taiwan’s higher education policies, numerous higher education institutions are required to compete for talents, prompting them to alter their admission requirements. Such limitation eventually results in a loss of higher education value and undefined position, neglecting the fact that the value of education should be positioned in the core of an institutional operation instead of at the edge of such operations. The achievements of higher education institution must be reconnected to the advancement of the society. This study aims to reflect on the purpose of higher education based on the strategic thinking that education institutions should develop a shared value rather than holding the narrow perspective that they need to compete with each other. 　The research subjects of this study were four universities, which were entrants to the 2015 and 2016 Teaching Excellent Project. Porter’s perspective of “creating shared value” was used as a theoretical foundation and Forrester’s views regarding “systems thinking” was applied to conduct a strategic analysis. This study aims to investigate how higher education institutions apply the strategic thinking of “creating shared value” to accelerating the development of a shared value chain for higher education institutions, thereby increasing the total value shared between the education institutions and the society. 　　This study obtained the following findings and implications: 1.Value creation is the key to the existence of higher education institutions. 2.Developing a shared value strategy can help higher education institutions create a better growth advantage than zero-sum competition. 3.Using systems thinking,feedback thinking and causal loop diagram can facilitate first deducing the possible strategic outcomes to lower the risks of making the wrong decision. 4.The positioning of higher education institutions in a shared value development strategy hinges on the design and composition of value elements in various schools’ value chain.
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