| 摘要: | 近年來雖然衛星、飛機、雷達資料快速的發展，然而對於熱帶氣旋的分析在眾多資料當中仍然存在著諸多問題，例如繞極衛星資料的資料誤差和時間的解析度不足，同步衛星的空間解析度不足；飛機資料的垂直風場不準確，空間和時間涵蓋範圍稀少；雷達資料的反演誤差以及範圍只限於近陸地等，因此無法完全了解熱帶氣旋的風場更細節的結構。本研究藉由合理的WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模式模擬資料，大大提升空間和時間解析度，藉此探討典型強烈熱帶氣旋在海上的風場結構，並突破以往二維的分析概念，目的是為了更全面的了解整個熱帶氣旋氣塊軌跡的運動情形。。本研究使用新一代分析工具VAPOR（Visualization and Analysis Platform for Ocean, Atmosphere, andSolar Researchers），其為互動式三維環境之基礎，來檢視海上熱帶氣旋的三維氣塊軌跡線運動情況，包括颱風眼、颱風眼牆、內核雨帶、外核雨帶、外圍環流，五個區域由近地面層至高層的結構分析。研究結果顯示，除了颱風眼的位置，其餘區域在近地面的氣塊來源為外圍環流，並且會向內傳送至颱風眼牆的區域而後往上旋轉抬升。在近邊界層頂除了颱風眼區，各對流區的氣塊來源亦為外圍環流，然而不同的是氣塊會向內傳送到各對流區後，在其區域旋轉抬升，這點與過去的颱風結構示意圖有差異。本研究結果繪出新的颱風結構示意圖，對於氣塊軌跡的向前（Forward）和向後（Backward）積分皆在本文中有較詳盡的討論。
Although the aircraft, satellite, and radar observation developed rapidly in recent years, it can't still figure out the detail tropical cyclone (TC) structure. For example, there are the data inaccuracy retrieved from the polar orbiting satellite, and it have not possess enough temporal resolution; the spatial resolutions of geostationary satellites are too coarse for tropical cyclone requiring a higher spatial resolution; the vertical wind data are not accurate by the scarce coverage of aircraft data; the retrieving error in the radar data and limit near the ground. Therefore, in terms of the reasonable data of numerical model simulation, it could be further understand the structure of TC on the ocean effectively by improve the temporal and spatial resolutions in this study. A tool VAPOR (Visualization and Analysis Platform for Ocean, Atmosphere, and Solar Researchers) is developed to analyses interactive 3D visualization environment including tropical cyclone. In this study, the trajectories of eye, eyewall, rainband, outer rainband, and outer field of tropical cyclone will be investigated by VAPOR. Except the eye of TC area, the results show that the sources of air parcels on the surface are come from outer field, and concentrate to eyewall. In addition, the parcels on the boundary layer are also come from outer field, but they would be induced in the convection, which is the significant different from the schematic diagram of TC in the past studies. The backward and forward calculation of five areas and different height parcels would be shown on the new schematic diagram in this study. |
