| 摘要: | 目的：探討男童增強式訓練後停止訓練，不同後測時間點之30公尺短跑衝刺成績及變化率差異。方法：16位男童選手（年齡12.28±0.46歲、身高151.68±10.18公分、體重41.25±5.83公斤）為研究對象，依前測（T_1）成績隨機分派成實驗組與控制組。前者接受8週增強式訓練（PT組），同時維持排球年度訓練課程；後者（C組）僅進行排球年度訓練課程。PT組增強式訓練結束後，依時間序：訓練8週之後測（T_2）、停訓2週（T_3）、停訓3週（T_4），收集30公尺短跑衝刺後測時間，並換算各階段差異變化率（%）。進行混合二因子（組別×後測時間）變異數分析，統計顯著水準定為α=.05。結果：（1）不同測驗時間之30公尺短跑衝刺時間，達顯著差異；（2）8週訓練後，僅T_1-T_2變化率組間達顯著差異；（3）PT組T_2-T_3變化率，顯著較T_1-T_2少4.9%。結論：（1）8週增強式訓練後，PT組較C組提升30公尺短跑衝刺進步率4.7%。（2）2週停止訓練後，訓練效果明顯下降。（3）3週停止訓練後，訓練效果回升至8週訓練剛結束時之水準。
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of plyometric training and detraining on 30-meter-sprint performances in prepubescent volleyball players. Methods. 16 boys aged 12 years (12.28 ± 0.46 yrs, 151.68 ± 10.18 cm, 41.25 ± 5.83 kg) was divided in 2 groups: plyometric training group (PTG) and control group (CG). PTG trained 2 days/week during 8 weeks, and performed various plyometric exercises including jumping, hurdling and skipping. The subsequent detraining period lasted 2 weeks (T_3) and 3 weeks (T_4). However, all subjects continued their volleyball training.30-meter-sprint running time improving percentage (%) was calculated: T_1-T_2 (Pretest-Posttest), T_2-T_3 (Detraining 2 weeks) , and T_3-T_4 (Detraining 3 weeks) . Results. Before training (T_1), all baseline anthropometric characteristics were similar between PTG and CG. After the training program (T_2), 30-meter-sprint performances increased in the PTG. There was no interaction between groups×duration.During this period no significant performance was obtained in the CG. After 2 weeks of detraining, both groups 30-meters-sprint improving percentage were minus＂-＂, there was a significant performance decline for PTG and CG; After 3 weeks of detraining (T_3-T_4) , there were no significant decline compared with posttest (T_1-T_2) in sprint improving percentage for PTG and CG. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that 8 weeks plyometric training program increase athletic sprint performances in prepubescent boys. These improvements were maintained after a period of 3 weeks detraining. |
