| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討受保護處分少年家長的親職經驗，從家長與受保護處分少年的親子互動情形，了解其親職角色與親子關係議題，以及親職角色調適與改變經驗。本研究採質性研究之敘說研究法，輔以半結構式的深度訪談，以兩位中年母親為研究對象，將訪談資料整理為親職故事文本，並進一步加以詮釋分析。具體研究結果如下：
一、兩位受訪母親承受並認同原生家庭的不當養育方式。在自身的母職過程中，如實展演過去所受到的不當養育，使少年感受到母親於孩童期所經驗到的無助與受害感。
二、兩位受訪母親都曾經歷父愛的失落，在親職教養過程中，一肩扛起養育孩子的親職責任，使少年重複經驗父子關係的淡薄與父愛的失落。
三、少年父親的角色隱沒與退縮，形成類單親家庭結構；兩位受訪母親嘗試母代父職，實則對少年管教困難而失去親職功能，少年行為越趨嚴重，成為非行少年。
四、家庭內親子關係衝突緊張，家庭外與親友關係疏離，受訪母親獨自承受非行少年的行為問題與管教壓力，非行少年家庭處境如孤島般絕望無助。
五、來自母親的打罵教育或是父親的拳腳暴力，均使少年處於親子關係的受害位置，長期累積的憤恨不滿情緒，使受虐兒童轉成為犯罪少年。
六、兩位受訪母親對少年寄予厚望，少年的犯罪行為均使母親經歷理想的破滅與失望，甚至因為少年觸犯司法而認為母職表現的失敗。
七、少年犯罪是一種求助的訊號，因為保護處分期間，少年與家長均獲得觀護制度與輔導資源協助，非行少年得以有機會重返常規生活。
八、透過親職教育課程，兩位受訪母親體悟到原本親子互動關係模式的困難與限制，調整其親職角色與溝通模式，重建母親親職效能。
最後，根據研究結果進行討論，提供未來相關研究的參考方向，並針對心理輔導助人工作者，提出實務工作上的參考與建議。
This study was set an aim to understand the parenting experience of the parents of probated juveniles, to see the parenting role, the parent-child relationship issues, as well as the adjustment and changing of parents from the interaction between both sides. The narrative analysis was used, and was aided by the semi-structured interview with depth. The object of the study was two mid-age mothers. The parenting story text was composed after interview the object, and the individual analysis and the meta-analysis were based on the text. The result is as follow:
1. Two interviewed mothers endured and recognized the inappropriate pattern of original families. Afterward, they reproduced the inappropriate parenting behavior in bringing up children, so that the children generated helplessness and victimization again.
2. Both the mothers had an experience of losing their father’s love. When the two mothers raised their children, they entirely undertake the responsibility of parenting. This behavior results in these juveniles experiencing the thinness of love with their own fathers again.
3. When those juveniles’ fathers were disappeared in families, thus bring about the composition of one-parent atypical families. The two mothers tried to undertake the responsibility of parenting, but they had discipline difficulty and became dysfunction in parenting. Those juveniles’ delinquent got worse.
4. The high intense and conflict were in families, but alienated from with friends and relatives outside the home. Both the mothers had been along to facing the delinquent juveniles’ behavior problem and discipline pressure. These families were isolated and helpless as solitary islands.
5. The children have repeatedly been victim’s positions to suffer from their parents’ violent discipline, however, the accumulating anger turns those abused children into delinquent juveniles.
6. Both mothers had hoped for youngsters deeply, but they went through the disillusionment and disappointment of juvenile delinquency. The two mothers considered their failure of motherhood owing to juveniles breaking the law.
7. During the treatment of probation, probation system and counseling resources started to intervene and help the two mothers to accompany the lost juveniles back to regulate life. The juvenile delinquency was considered a symbolic of searching for help.
8. When the two mothers attended parenting education courses, they realized the difficulty and limit of relationship between parent-child. Consequently, they started to adjust the pattern of the parenting role and interaction, and reconstructed the effectiveness of motherhood.
Finally, discussion according to the research results above, this research provided other researchers with a reference direction, and proposed to these counselors practical consultations and suggestions. |
