華語和日語都使用量詞,日本與中國由於歷史背景、文化相近,所以在語言的使用上也有類似之處,華語個體量詞與日語個體量詞的使用範圍有的相似,有的差異性極大,日籍學習者在學習華語量詞時,有時會發生錯誤的現象,這樣的現象是否跟日籍學習者的母語有關連性或只是習得不完全。本研究利用問卷調查法,將臺灣華語教材中的15個個體量詞製作問卷,針對日籍初級學生的華語個體量詞習得情形進行研究。
本研究對象為東吳大學華語中心以及中華語文研習所共65名日籍初級學生,透過問卷調查和試卷測試評量結果了解學生學習量詞的情形,試卷評量的結果顯示︰
(一)日籍學習者學習華語個體量詞時發生錯誤的情況雖有母語負遷移的現象發生,但是不一定是受到母語的影響
(二)日籍學習者只要學習華語量詞的方法正確,就不會受到母語的影響
(三)華語教師可利用華日語量詞對比分析,幫助學習者學習研究者
最後針對本次的研究結果提出三項建議,分別是針對華語教師的増能培訓、華語教材的編寫、教學單位的支援。以期對華語教師在教授華語個體量詞時能有所助益。
Chinese and Japanese both are using measure words in their languages. Due to similarity in culture background,some of usage in these two languages are similar. Some of ways of using Chinese measure words and Japanese measure words are very similar, but some are with big difference. Sometimes, mistakes could happen easily for Japanese learners learning Chinese measure word. This could be related to their native language or just poor study in measure words. This research used questionnaires to target Japanese beginner students on using 15 measure words, then further analyzed the result.
The sample data is targeting on 65 Japanese beginner students in SooChow University and TLI institution. This analysis of questionnaires proved following three findings.
Firstly, although Japanese learner could make mistake on negative transfer on native language, but it is not the absolutely only reason. Secondly, as long as learners learned Chinese measure words in correct way, the mistake could be eliminated, Finally, Mandarin teacher can always use analysis of measure words to help learners to learn better. In the end, the author here made 3 suggestions base on this research. These are “Equip teaching skill for Mandarin teacher”, “Add Chinese measure words topic into teaching material”, and “Get support from teaching organization”