| 摘要: | 發生在1867年12月18日的基隆海嘯，當時的雞籠(現今的基隆市)人口只有二千多人，但海嘯的侵襲卻溺死數百人之多；金包里(現今的金山地區)山崩地裂，海水暴漲，附近的火山口流出熱水，死者頗多。140多年前，沒有任何儀器記載科學資料。但近幾年來的空中光達、空中磁測和海上多音束測繪等技術，讓我們能更深入瞭解陸上/海底的山腳/金山斷層系統和沿線上的多座陸上/海底火山構造。另一方面基隆和平島的槽溝挖掘顯示出當時的海嘯推進方向，其與前述的地體構造可能有密切的關係。因此，我們推論1867年基隆海嘯的成因可能是地震加上火山活動的複合災害。雖然也有可能來自海底山崩，但目前證據不足。
148 years ago (December 18, 1867), Keelung and north Taiwan were attacked by a tsunami, the Keelung Tsunami. At that time, the old Keelung county only had about 2,000 population, but several hundred died; Ching-Shan area occurred the land slide and the hot water explore out from the near-by volcano. There was not any scientific equipment recording the event, but only the historical notes described the disaster. However, the recent modern airborne LiDAR and magnetic survey as well as the marine multibeam echo sounder results have been able to map the Shan-Chiao/Ching-Shan Fault and its associate geological structures. This fault system and the volcanoes stretch NE-SW ward from the Diao-Yu Island to Ta-Tun Volcano, extending some 250 km long. In the other hand, the trenching of a historical Spanish-build castle and church in Keelung have discovered the directions of sediment transportation by a tsunami wave close on the top of Spanish church foundation. The direction is consistant with the rupture of Shan-Chiao/Ching-Shan Fault and its associated volcanic structures. Therefore, we suggest that Keelung Tsunami is possible a combined destructive effect of the earthquake and volcano activity in 1867. Even though, it could also be a possible of due to the submarine slump, but we have no further data to evaluate it. |
