為帶動台灣東部地區經濟發展，交通部興建北宜高速公路，連結首都台北市與東部門戶宜蘭縣；宜蘭縣政府也提出「北頭城、南墾丁」的觀光定位。諸多文獻指出雪山隧道路段開通後對宜蘭縣的都市化衝擊，尤其是假日帶來的車潮與人潮，影響頭城鎮居民生活型態。本研究認為當地生活型態的改變涉及居民的環境感知，目的在探究雪山隧道對頭城居民環境感知之影響，包括居住環境品質和居民調適能力。研究設計係以Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response（DPSIR）因果模型為架構，進行衝擊評估與感知分析，方法涵蓋文獻回顧、圖資分析，訪談設計與樣本分析。研究發現，頭城居民對於環境衝擊感知，與其年齡和住家距離省道遠近有關；年齡層較高和距離省道較遠者，對於環境衝擊感知較低，但調適能力高者則不受年齡與距離影響；另部分居民認為雪山隧道所帶來的車潮與人潮缺乏配套措施，導致頭城當地塞車、噪音、空氣汙染等問題。本研究探討雪山隧道對頭城居民環境感知之影響，提醒相關部門正視經濟發展下的都市化衝擊，通盤檢討環境開發與地方建設，促進地方產業、交通與觀光之永續發展。
To promote economic development in eastern Taiwan, the Ministry of Transportation and Communications built the Taipei-Yilan Freeway connecting the capital, Taipei and the eastern gateway, Yilan County. Yilan County government also proposed the tourism positioning of “ Toucheng in the north and Kenting in the south” as the two major tourist attractions. Much literature indicates that the urbanization, especially the traffic and crowds on holidays, caused by the opening of the Hsuehshan Tunnel has seriously affected the lifestyle of urban residents in Toucheng Township. This study suggests that changes in lifestyle are affected by residents' perception of the environment. The Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response （DPSIR） model was used as a framework in this study for impact assessment and perception analysis covering literature review, map and data analysis, interview design, and sample analysis. The study found that Toucheng residents’ perception of environmental impact was related to age and the distance between home and the provincial highway. Older people and people living farther away from the highway perceived a lower impact on the environment. Some residents believed that there were no supporting measures for the traffic and crowds brought by the Hsuehshan Tunnel, leading to problems like traffic congestion, noise, and air pollution. This study investigated the environmental perception of local residents to help construct a social network in coping with environmental change. It reminds related departments to face the environmental impact of development, coordinate development in local construction and overall planning for comprehensive benefits in the enhancement of sustainable industrial, transportation, and tourism development.
