本研究的主題為我國國民小學之品德教育，兼論孫中山先生道德思想的啟示。研究者以文獻分析法、歷史研究法與比較研究法，先探究國小學童品德教育之意涵概念、品德教育相關理論、討論分析中山先生之道德思想、匯整我國自古迄今之儒家道統，接著研究美國、日本、中國大陸與我國國小品德教育的實施現況，再探究國小學童身心之發展與我國國小品德教育之演進。
經研究發現：品德教育是學校教育的首要任務；孫中山先生匯通古今、融貫中西、獨創三民主義的道德教育理想，是我國國民小學品德敎育的南針；美國、日本與中國大陸國小品德教育的實施現況，可以提供我國參考與借鏡。
This study focuses on the exploration and discussion of the character education at elementary schools in Taiwan, with an analysis on the implication of Sun Yat-sen’s moral thinking. Using document analysis methods, historical research methods and comparative research methods, the researcher of this study first explores the concepts of character education for pupils and relevant theories of character education, analyzes Sun Yat-sen’s moral thoughts and integrates our country’s Confucian orthodoxy from ancient times to the present. The research then explores the current implementation conditions of character education at elementary schools in America, Japan, Mainland China and Taiwan. This dissertation finally studies the development of schoolchildren’s body and mind, and the evolution of character education at elementary schools in Taiwan.
According to the research findings, character education is the paramount task of school education. After achieving mastery through a comprehensive study of moral doctrines whatever ancient or modern, Chinese or Western, Sun Yat-sen initiated the Three Principles of the People advocating the idea of moral education, which has been the main guideline of character education at elementary schools in Taiwan. Furthermore, the present implementation situation of character education in America, Japan and Mainland China can be used as references for Taiwan’s elementary school character education.
