由於現今跨國企業成為主流，競爭環境愈趨複雜且激烈，員工的意見甚至消費者對於渠公司產品的改善意見漸受重視；因此鼓勵員工提出創新、改善意見，以提升公司營運績效是為企業經營新趨勢。
意見表達行為有各種形式，包括建言、異議及犬儒；員工對於是否應表達意見，最大的顧慮便是擔心主管的看法，以及是否會影響個人考績；因此，本研究目的為求證員工不同的意見表達形式是否會影響主管的正向或負向之考評，以釐清員工這樣的心理顧慮，於管理實務上是否具有真實性，或只是員工個人的主觀臆測。
本研究採問卷調查方式蒐集資料，採便利抽樣方式，以某中央機關所屬單位、財團法人基金會(非營利組織)及營利企業之主管考評渠之員工為研究對象，共117位員工與23位直屬主管。資料作敘述統計、信度、相關及線性廻歸分析；研究結果發現：就主管而言，員工不同的意見表達形式會有正向、負向的影響；建言的員工，主管給予正向影響，異議則無明顯影響，但犬儒的員工會有負向影響；本研究據此提出建議與後續研究方向。
Nowadays, multinational corporations have become the mainstream, business competition would become more complex and intense. The opinions of staff are taken more seriously. Therefore, the company encourages employees to come up with innovative and improved advice, in order to enhance the company's performance. That is the new trend for business.
Opinions are expressed in various forms, voice, dissent and cynicism are usually mentioned. Employees regarding whether to express their views, they care about the perception of directors, and impact on individual performance appraisal. Therefore, this study is to verify the different views expressed of staff, whether or affect the assessment of directors, in order to clarify the employee's psychological concerns, or just individual guesswork.
The study adopted questionnaire survey in convenience sampling method to collect data. This study analyzes paired data collected from 117 employees and their direct supervisors in the public sector, non-profit organizations and enterprises. The results showed that: from supervisors’ perspective, various employee opinion expression behaviors result in different appraisals of employee job performance: voice has a positive effect, dissent has no effect, and cynicism has a negative effect. This study also proposed suggestions and further research direction.
