社會資本和創業意願：過度自信的中介效果

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题名:	社會資本和創業意願：過度自信的中介效果 Social Capital and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Effect of Overconfidence
作者:	牟筱慈 Mou, Hsiao-Tzu
贡献者:	國際貿易學系
关键词:	社會資本創業意願過度自信之認知偏誤 social capital entrepreneurial intention overconfidence
日期:	2015-06
上传时间:	2015-08-05 14:44:53 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究是探討社會資本(social capital)、創業意願(entrepreneurial intention)以及過度自信(overconfidence)三者之間的關係，共提出四項假說，包括：社會資本與創業意願的關係、過度自信與創業意願的關聯、社會資本與過度自信的關聯，以及社會資本透過過度自信的中介效果，對創業意願的影響。本研究是採用問卷調查法(questionnaires survey)的方式填寫，問卷的形成來自先前的文獻，共發出370份問卷，包含紙本問卷251份以及網路問卷119份，扣除無效問卷23份後一共有347份有效問卷。在計量方法上，則採用結構方程式(SEM)分析法。研究結果發現，過度自信之心理特質會使各人高估自身的條件及能力，對創業意願產生正向的促進效果；社會資本之中包含兩項組成因素，其中的「個人資訊及資源的取得」也與創業意願呈正相關，然而社會資本中另一組成因素「各人所能獲得的助力」則與創業意願之間沒有顯著正向相關係，顯示在創業動機上，廣獲資訊是重要的促進因子，至於是否能獲得協助則扮演不明顯的角色；再者社會資本中的兩項因素都與個人的過度自信特質呈現正相關，顯示社會資本較多的人的確容易志得意滿；最後在中介效果的檢測上，社會資本中的「各人所能獲得的助力」會透過：過度自信，對創業意願產生正向的中介效果。 Prior studies have seldom examined the relationship between one’s social network and overconfidence, and their relationship to how entrepreneurial intentions are formed. This study aims to fill the research gap. In addressing these gaps, the thesis proposes 4 hypotheses to investigate how the characteristics of an individual’s social network affect the formation of his or her entrepreneurial intentions directly and via overconfidence. To test the model and hypotheses, I carried out an empirical study using data from students of Chinese Culture University. Questionnaires were administered to 370 students, and 347 valid questionnaires were collected. As for the analytical approach, I use the techniques of structural equation modeling (SEM) to reveal the relationship between critical realism and conceptions. Essentially, it enables integrating knowledge and by drawing together parameter variables and latent variables, it offers concurrent understanding of the critical insight of the focal problem of why some people choose to be entrepreneurs. The results support that 1) both overconfidence and social capital in terms of resource accessibility significantly has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention of an individual. 2) social capital in terms of resource accessibility or career sponsorship both have positive effects on individual’s overconfidence. Lastly, social capital in terms of career sponsorship has a positive effect on the decision to start a new business, which is mediated by the individual’s overconfidence.
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