| 摘要: | 本研究主旨探討新竹地區寵物飼養者「寂寞感」與「幸福感」之研究，並瞭解「個人背景因素」及「寵物飼養狀況」之新竹地區寵物飼養者在「寂寞感」與「幸福感」上的差異情形；另探討新竹地區寵物飼養者「寂寞感」與「幸福感」之相關性。更進一步瞭解新竹地區寵物飼養者「個人背景因素」、「寵物飼養狀況」與「寂寞感」對「幸福感」上的解釋力。
本研究採用「調查法」進行資料的收集，並以「配額抽樣」、「立意取樣」及「滾雪球」之抽樣方式以新竹地區寵物飼養者為研究對象。正式樣本數為420份，實得有效樣本為382份，有效回收率為90.95％。所使用研究工具包括：「個人基本資料表」、「寵物飼養背景因素」、「寂寞感量表」及「幸福感量表」，施測所得資料以統計應用軟體SPSS for Windows 22.0進行結果分析，分別以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變數分析、皮爾森積差相關、雪費事後檢定法以及多元迴歸分析等統計方法加以分析。本研究主要結果如下：
一、新竹地區寵物飼養者「寂寞感」與「幸福感」之現況
1.新竹地區寵物飼養者近六成飼養狗 (57.3％) 所占比例最多，其次為水族魚 (18.3％)、貓 (17.3％)、烏龜 (9.9％)、鳥 (6.0％)、寵物鼠 (4.5％)、兔子 (2.1％)，然而飼養其他種類為 (1.8％) 所占比例最少。
2.新竹地區寵物飼養者「寂寞感」傾向於中低程度。其中，以「缺乏友伴」層面之「寂寞感」感受程度最高，而以「寂寞無助」層面之「寂寞感」感受程度最低。
3.新竹地區寵物飼養者「幸福感」傾向於中高程度。其中，以「樂觀」層面之「幸福感」感受程度最高而以「個人成就」層面之「幸福感」感受程度最低。
二、不同「個人背景因素」及「寵物飼養背景因素」之新竹地區寵物飼養者分別在「寂寞感」上的差異情形
1.新竹地區寵物飼養者之「寂寞感」會受「個人平均月收入」所影響。其中，「個人平均月收入」在「20,001元~30,000元」、「30,001元~40,000元」與「40,001元~50,000元」之受試者，其「寂寞感」高於「個人平均月收入」在「20,001元以下」與「50,001元~60,000元」之受試者。
2.新竹地區寵物飼養者「平均每月寵物支出」，僅與「寂寞感」之「歸屬感弱」層面達到顯著低程度之負相關。意即受試者「平均每月寵物支出」愈多，其「寂寞感」之「歸屬感弱」層面的就愈低。
三、不同「個人背景因素」及「寵物飼養背景因素」之新竹地區寵物飼養者分別在「幸福感」上的差異情形
1.「女性」受試者在「幸福感」之「生活滿意」層面較「男性」受試者為高。
2.「已婚」受試者之「整體幸福感」較「未婚」者為高。
3.新竹地區寵物飼養者「幸福感」之「正向情緒」層面會因「個人平均月收入」有所影響，其中「個人平均月收入」在「20,001元以下」之受試者，其「幸福感」高於「個人平均月收入」在「40,001元~50,000元」之受試者。
4.新竹地區寵物飼養者之「寵物數量」為「1隻」者，其「幸福感」之「個人成就」層面較「3隻」者為高。
5.新竹地區寵物飼養者「平均每月寵物支出」與「幸福感」之間達到顯著低程度正相關。意即「平均每月寵物支出」愈多，其「幸福感」就愈高。
四、新竹地區寵物飼養者「寂寞感」與「幸福感」具顯著之相關性
新竹地區寵物飼養者之「寂寞感」與「幸福感」間達顯著高程度的負相關，意即受試者之整體「寂寞感」愈低，其整體就「幸福感」愈高。
五、新竹地區寵物飼養者「個人背景因素」、「寵物飼養背景因素」與「寂寞感」對其「幸福感」的解釋力
受試者之「平均每月寵物支出」與整體「寂寞感」對整體「幸福感」上達顯著水準，顯示此二因素能預測受試者之整體「幸福感」45％的變異量。
因此，建議寵物飼養者宜積極建立良好之人際關係，培養與朋友間之良好互動關係。寵物飼養者需審慎評估飼養寵物之數量，以利寵物之照護。其次，勿隨意棄養無法飼養之寵物，必要時將其送至寵物相關機構。並且，持續保持個人正向與愉快之情緒，排解個人之寂寞感，以利幸福感之提升。再者，建議欲飼養寵物之民眾，可積極至寵物收容機構進行寵物之領養進行推廣與公益領養之宣導。最後，建議政府與民間相關機構應重視寵物陪伴之價值，積極推動寵物領養之風潮。
The main purpose of the research is to investigate the pet owners’ “loneliness” and “well-being” in Hsinchu, understand how about the different situation in different “Personal Background Factor” and “Raising pet Factor” will affect their “loneliness” and “well-being., and discuss the correlation between “loneliness” and “well-being.” Also, to further understand how much the “Personal Background Factor”, “Raising pet Factor” and “loneliness” could explain the “well-being” of pet owners in Hsinchu.
The research uses the questionnaire survey procedure with purposive and snowball samplings to study the pet owners in Hsinchu. The grand total provides 420 questionnaires, effective questionnaire 382, the effective questionnaire recycling rate 90.95%. Research tools include: “Personal Background Factor”, “Raising pet Factor”, “Loneliness Scale”, and “Well-being Scale”. The SPSS for Windows 22.0 is used to run the recycled data, and the analytical methods are listed as follow: Descriptive statistical analysis, t-test, One way ANONA, Pearson’s product–moment correlation, Scheffe’s method, and Multiple regression.
The main conclusion is as below:
一、The current situation of pet owners’ “loneliness” and “well-being” in Hsinchu.
1. The pet owners of Hsinchu area as following:
Raising Dog (57.3%), Raising Fish (18.3%), Raising Cat (17.3%), Raising Turtle (9.9%), Raising Bird (6.0%), Raising Mouse (4.5%), Raising Rabbit (2.1%) and Raising Other (1.8%).
2. The “loneliness” of the pet owners of Hsinchu area incline to “Mid-low” degree.
1) “Lack of friends” incline to the hightest.
2) “Loneliness and helpless” incline to the lowest.
3. The “well-being” of the pet owners of Hsinchu area incline to “mid-High” degree.
1) “An optimist” incline to the highest.
2) “Personal success” incline to lowest.
二、The different situation of pet owners’ “loneliness” between the different “Personal Background Factor” and “Raising pet Factor” in Hsinchu.
1. The degree of “loneliness” was influenced by personal income.
Income between “20,001~30,000”, “30,001~40,000”, and “40,001~50,000” the degree of “loneliness” are higher than the income “Below 20,001” and “50,001~60,000”.
2. The relationship between “loneliness” and “expense of pet owners”.
-remarkble low degree negative correlation.
1) Expense is more the degree of “loneliness” incline to low.
2) Expense is less the degree of “loneliness” incline to high.
三、The different situation of pet owners’ “well-being” between the different “Personal Background Factor” and “Raising pet Factor” in Hsinchu.
1. Female is higher than male in “life satisfaction” and “well-being”.
2. Married is higher than single.
3. The average income “below 20,001” is higher than income“40,001~50,000” in “positive emotion” level.
4. One pet owner is higher than three pets owner in “personal success” level.
5. Pet owners who more expense are higher than low expense.
四、There are a significant correlation between “loneliness” and “well-being” of pet owners in Hsinchu.
The “loneliness” and “well-being” of pet owners in Hsinchu area are significant negative relationship. That means: “loneliness” is low via “well-being” is high.
五、The explaination to the “well-being” via “Personal Background Factor” “Raising pet Factor” and “loneliness” of pet owners in Hsinchu.
According to “pet expense” and “loneliness” of pet owners, reseraches can forecast the forty five percent variety of “well-being” of pet owners.
According to the result of research, we suggest the pet owners active to build up the good interpersonal relations, cultivate the good interact relation with friends. The pet owners should estimate the quantity of breed in order to take care of the pets. Next, the pet owners don’t pass away the pets, otherwise please carry to the organizations of pets. Please coutinue maintain the positive and happy emotion to reduce the loneliness, and increae the well-being. The other, suggest the people who want to bread the pets. Please active to take action to the organization to spread and advertise the breading of pets. Finally, suggest the governments and private organizations must pay much attention the value of pets, active to take action to popularige the pets’ breading. |
