陰非離子型Gemini界面活性劑之製備、性質及分散染料水溶液分散性之研究

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Title:	陰非離子型Gemini界面活性劑之製備、性質及分散染料水溶液分散性之研究 Preparation, Properties and Disperse Dyes Aqueous Solution of Anionic-Nonionic Gemini Surfactants
Authors:	黃奕誠 Huang, Yi-Cheng
Contributors:	化學工程與材料工程學系奈米材料碩士班
Keywords:	Gemini界面活性劑界面性質相互作用分散性田口法 Gemini surfactant surfactants disperse dye interaction absorbance dispersibility Taguchi method
Date:	2015-06
Issue Date:	2015-07-29 15:47:06 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本研究主要合成雙分子(Gemini)型界面活性劑，其構造以三丙二醇 (Tripropylene glycol)、馬來酸酐(Maleic anhydride)、聚乙二醇十八烷基醚 (Polyoxyethylenated stearyl ether)及反丁烯二酸 (Fumaric acid)為主。其中一類為非離子型雙分子界面活性劑(A系列)，另一類為陰離子化雙分子型界面活性劑(B系列)。合成產物以傅立葉紅外線光譜分析儀 (FT-IR)確認分子構造，所測之界面性值包括表面張力、接觸角、起泡性，並與傳統單分子型界面活性劑(18系列)比較其差異性，並測量pH緩衝能力、乳化性、染料粒徑分佈、染料與界面活性劑之相互作用、染色性。由界面性值結果顯示所合成A、B系列產物相較於18系列有較低表面張力、臨界微胞濃度、表面吸附濃度與分子占有面積，且有較佳的濕潤性與低起泡性。顯示所合成之雙分子界面活性劑具有良好的界面性質。由pH緩衝能力分析得知，因為產物化學結構之基團能與OH-結合，使溶液中的OH-離子濃度緩慢增加緣故，因而有pH緩衝能力。從乳化性質結果得知，因雙分子界面活性劑分子占有面積較小可使分子緊密吸附油滴，有較好之乳化性。並測試產物與分散染料之結合粒徑分佈、相互作用及染色性，由結果顯示此系列合成產物的加入可使染料在染液中粒徑分佈均一，具有良好的分散能力，且分散染料因界面活性劑的加入可產生解凝集現象因而使光譜吸光度增加，用於分散染料染聚酯纖維時有緩染之效果。研究中利用田口法式實驗規劃法分析添加界面活性劑於分散染料染液中分散性之參數，探討不同參數對染液吸光度的影響，尋找分散染料均一的最佳化控制參數，且經由確認實驗S/N比落在95%信賴區間內，代表顯著因子選擇是恰當的，證實實驗具有再現性，以利適用於紡織或其他工業之需求。 In this study, the anionic-nonionic surfactants was appended to tripropylene glycol, maleic anhydride, polyoxyethylenated stearyl ether and fumaric acid synthesis, including two different types of surfactant, one is a nonionic Gemini surfactants (called A series), other one is a nonionic Gemini surfactants spacer have anionic groups (called B series).We measured several properties of a series of modifying surfactants with different chain length of hydrophilic groups and spacer have anionic groups. The structure of these surfactants were confirmed by FT-IR and the surface activities were evaluated surface tension, contact angle, foaming properties, pH buffer, emulsion. We have also studied the dispersing abilities of these surfactants toward commercial disperse dye from particle size, dispersibilites of the dye solutions and dying. We found A.B surface tension results exhibited that surfactants have lower surface tension, moreover, these compound have better wetting and lower foaming. The results showed that this surfactant can add dyes with smaller particle size. There are dyes that dye-surfactant complexes (complex) the existence of polyester fabric dyeing, add the surfactant will produce retarding phenomenon and when heating process can reduce dyed rate, avoiding the phenomenon of uneven dyeing. It is dye – surfactant has complexes so can promote the solubility of disperse dyes. However, the research also discusses how different parameters affect the dye – surfactant interaction. The study uses Taguchi method First, this method was adopted to carry out the parameter design, and the interaction parameters that would affect the absorbance of UV–visible spectrum could be predicted as the control factors.
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