| 摘要: | 本研究主要目的在瞭解不同型態家庭參與親子遊戲治療團體對其親子互動
的轉變。本研究參與者共計六位母親（一名繼親家庭母親、兩名折衷家庭母親、三名單親家庭母親），共進行十次、每週二小時的親子遊戲治療團體。研究者在團體開始前、結束後分別與參與的母親進行半結構式的深度訪談，採質性研究的內容分析法進行資料分析，研究結果說明如下：
一、親子遊戲治療團體對其團體成員之親子互動的轉變：
（一） 參與性的改變：同理心反映與積極傾聽之技巧使用有助於提升陪伴品質，親子遊戲治療成為母親與子女之間互動的新途徑。
（二） 挑戰性的改變：研究發現母親的包容度與開放性增加，能站在子女的角度，更加瞭解子女之狀況，促使子女在問題解決能力上的提升。
（三） 撫育性的改變：母親調整自身的步調，適時的給予子女肢體上的擁抱與親吻，以及口語的正向肯定與鼓勵，共同創造良好的親子互動經驗。
（四） 結構性的改變：結構性的規範建立有助於改善母親於教養上時的耗能狀況，當母親結構明確，在教養上消耗較少能量，且更有餘力與子女互動。
二、不同家庭型態參與親子遊戲治療團體後對其親子互動的轉變：
（一） 繼親家庭的親子互動：母親自我照顧增加，並透過用心觀察、同理心反映與子女的關係更加靠近；建立明確規則，使親職壓力明顯減少。
（二） 單親家庭的親子互動：遊戲時間促使親子關係獲得快速的修復；母親給予子女更多包容與開放性，以安撫代替責罵，減少情緒性回應對子女造成的負向影響。
（三） 折衷家庭的親子互動：母親情緒覺察能力提升，子女的情緒也越趨穩定，依賴性下降，對於與母親的關係更有安全感；研究發現親子互動的品質與父母之互動關係有關。
本研究依據研究結果提出具體建議，供未來相關研究及實務工作者之參考。
The main purpose of this research conducted is to understand the differences of the parent-child interactions from different family structures through participating Child-Parent Relationship Therapy Group.
The participants in the research include 6 mothers (1 mother in Step-family, 2 from extended family, and 3 from single-parent families). The group gathered two hours a week for child-parent relationship trainingfor 10 weeks. The researcher conducted semi-structural interviews with the 6 mothers both before and after the 10 weeks. The interview were transcribed and content analysis was used to analyze the data.T he research results shown as below:
1. The differences of the parent-child interactions through Child-Parent Relationship Therapy Group include:
(1) The changes in participation: The quality of each other’s company was effectively improved by showing compassions and listening skills learned from the therapy groups.
(2) The changes in challenging children by parents: The research has found the increase of openness and comprehension in the mothers, which helps them to view matters from their children’s perspectives, better understand the situations they are in, and in turn enhance the abilities of their children for problem solving.
(3) The changes in nurturing: The mothers show more nurturing behaviors which enhance the physical closeness through hugs and kisses as well as mental recognitions through compliments and support. All of these contribute to the good experiences of healthy child-parent interactions.
(4) The changes in structuring: The mothers have learned to be assertive in structuring their children’s daily rountine and maintain a healthy boundary with their children. . They use their authority appropriately. Therefore, these mothers have much more energy and spare time in interacting with their children.
2. The difference in parent-child interactions between families who come from different family structures
(1) The child-parent interaction for step-family: This research found that the mother took more time in self-care and also the relationship with their children became more intimate. She paid more attention to her children anddisplayed compassions. The establishment of parental authority helps releases the stress from parenthood
(2) The child-parent interactions for single-parent family: The play session help the enhancement of child-parent relationship rapidly. The mothers show more openness and comprehensions to their children, replace scolding with comforting, and reduce the negative impacts on their children by showing less nagative emotional towards their children.
(3) The child-parent interactions for extended-family: The mothers became more sensitive to their children’s emotions, which helped stabilize their emotions and reduced their dependence. The sense of security toward their mothers is strengthened.
This research also provides suggestions based on the research results for practice and research. |
