| 摘要: | 歷史街區在經濟高度成長與社會型態轉變的衝擊下，為避免傳統街區原有建築紋理遭受破壞甚至失去原有風貌，故公部門常藉由都市計畫手段劃定歷史風貌特定區，將帶狀的歷史街區進行區域性的保存。然而都市計畫多為平面的管制，若要有效的引導都市活動、交通動線、建築物配置、造型、色彩、開放空間、都市景觀、防災等細部事項，則必須透過都市設計之手法。本研究以探討歷史聚落保存及都市設計策略，藉由模糊德爾菲法，建構屬歷史風貌特定區之都市設計準則，針對街區中建築物細部提出具體的保護、整修與設計策略。透過都市設計的三度空間思維，對未來的整體遠景提出土地使用效率改善都市環境品質之可能。模糊德爾菲法是以專家知識為基礎，由問卷回饋之後，將複雜的議題系統化以達成專家共識，進而建立都市設計準則。由於都市設計對歷史風貌特定區之空間品質維護具有重要性，本研究回顧國內外歷史街區之發展歷程與都市設計準則進行比較，並案例分析探討歷史風貌特定區現況環境之課題，透過相關研究之探討擬定歷史風貌特定區總計47個都市設計指標，可分別歸類為都市計畫審議、動線規劃、歷史風貌、管理維護與周邊開發限制等五大面向。期望可對歷史街區發展的空間品質進行管制與引導設計，保存具有歷史人文價值之都市景觀，促使歷史街區新建築物與舊有之風貌紋理得以融合。
Under the impact of the high economic growth and social transformation of the historical building blocks, in order to prevent the destruction of the original building texture of traditional building blocks and loss of their original style, the public sector often sets up historical special zones by means of urban planning, thereby achieving regional preservation of the strips of historical building blocks. However, since urban planning mostly involves plane control, in order to effectively guide urban activities, traffic routes, building configuration, styling, colors, open spaces, urban landscaping, disaster prevention, and other detailed matters, the urban design approach has to be adopted. This study explored the preservation of historical settlements and urban design strategies. Through the Fuzzy Delphi Method, the urban design criteria for the historical specific zones were constructed. Targeting details of the building blocks, specific protection, renovation, and design strategies were put forth. Through the 3D ideas of urban design, the future overall outlook of the possibility of land use efficiency in improving the quality of the urban environment was explored. The Fuzzy Delphi Method is expert knowledge based. Through questionnaire feedbacks, complex issues are systematized to reach a consensus among experts, thus leading to the establishment of urban design criteria. Due to the importance of urban design on the maintenance of the quality of historical special area, this study covers a review of the course of domestic and foreign historical building block development and design criteria comparison. Additionally, case analysis was adopted to discuss issues pertaining to the current situation of historical special zone environments. Through discussions in relevant studies, the total of 47 urban design indicators for historical special zones were set up. They can be divided into five dimensions: urban plan review, route planning, historic feature, management maintenance, and restrictions of surrounding development. Through control and guide design of the spatial quality of historical special zone development, landscape with historical, cultural, and humanistic values are expected to be preserved, promoting the integration of new and existing buildings in the historical building blocks in terms of style and texture. |
